“highly significant”

A direct comparison between strains H and D revealed highly significant differences ( p < 0.001).

The transformation also altered the apparent significance of individual predictors: the ST/HR index, which appeared highly significant in untransformed models ( p < 0.001), lost significance after log transformation ( p = 0.501), whereas HRR at 1 min became significant ( p < 0.001).

The difference between the agomiR-374b-5p and antagomiR-374b-5p groups was highly significant ( Figure 3 C,D, p < 0.001).

In addition, Box’s M test showed a highly significant result ( p < 0.001), indicating heterogeneity of covariance matrices across groups, thus violating the assumption of homoscedasticity ( Table 6 ).

This highly significant drop in frequency ( p = 0.001, Fisher’s exact test) [ 5 ] offers an unusual opportunity to estimate the magnitude of selection underlying the decrease.

When study arm was included as an additional factor, the main effect of time on IPSS scores remained highly significant (F(4, 508.26) = 86.52, p < 0.001).

In contrast, the population × temperature interaction was highly significant (χ 2 (12) = 78.91, p < 0.001), revealing distinct population-specific thermal response patterns.

Inflammatory and Thrombophilia Markers, Angiographic Distribution, and Treatment Outcomes Inflammatory activity, measured by ESR, was significantly higher in stroke-positive Takayasu patients (50.6 ± 11.4 mm/h) compared to stroke-negative cases (26.3 ± 10.6 mm/h) and controls (22.4 ± 8.4 mm/h), indicating a highly significant difference ( p < 0.001).

One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) confirmed a highly significant difference across groups ( p < 0.001).

One-way ANOVA revealed highly significant differences among beverages for Herculite Ultra ( p < 0.001) and Filtek Z550 ( p = 0.005), while Welch-corrected ANOVA indicated significant effects for Herculite ( p = 0.002).

Waist-to-height ratio demonstrated the steepest gradient, ranging from 0.41 ± 0.04 in the underweight category to 0.60 ± 0.06 in the obese category, again with highly significant differences ( p < 0.001).

The association between treatment allocation and recovery trajectory was statistically large and highly significant (χ 2 (2) = 36.25, p < 0.001; Cramer’s V = 0.63).

Permutation ANOVA confirmed that the overall model was highly significant (F = 23.067, p < 0.001).

The interaction between phenotype and PEEP strategy was highly significant ( p < 0.001).

Arsenic (As) Levels The sampling station had a highly significant effect on As levels (F = 42.090, p < 0.001), while sex also exerted a significant influence (F = 10.965, p = 0.004).

The spatial error parameter was high and highly significant (λ = 0.92, p < 0.001; Table 3 ), indicating strong spatial structure in the error term.

Regarding the percentage of SB piglets in TB/litter, highly significant differences were observed between the groups, with a higher mean in group C ( p = 0.001).

A highly significant decrease was observed between the third trimester and 6 weeks postpartum ( p < 0.001).

The depth effect was also highly significant in all cases ( p < 0.001).

Straw return and P application had significant ( P < 0.01) or highly significant ( P < 0.001) effects on the total P (TP) content in each soil layer at each stage, and significant effects on the Olsen-P (OP) content in S1 soil layer ( P < 0.05), however, the OP content in S2 soil layer was only affected by the application of P application ( Figures 6 , 7 ).

However, tumor morphology ( P = 0.183), proximal location ( P = 0.136), and hybrid ESD ( P = 0.644) are not statistically significant, indicating that these factors do not have a meaningful impact when considered individually. In the multivariable analysis, where adjustments are made for potential confounding variables, the endoscopist remains highly significant ( P < 0.001), indicating that the effect of the endoscopist on the outcome is robust even after accounting for other factors.

All factor loadings were highly significant (p < 0.001).

Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests 28 comparing the observed run-length distributions to their geometric expectation were highly significant (D = 0.52–0.59, p = 10− 3 –10− 5 ), demonstrating that the contiguous match structure of real alignments departs sharply from random expectations even when compositional bias is preserved.

The first canonical axis was highly significant (eigenvalue = 0.525, F = 31.999, p = 0.0010).

Three reviews specifically on Baduanjin reported highly significant improvements (all p < 0.001) [ 31 , 33 , 42 ].