“highly significant”

The mean time to complete clearance was 5.3±0.92 weeks for MMR, significantly shorter than 8.9±1.86 weeks for BCG and 13.35±2.54 weeks for vitamin D3, with a highly significant p-value (p<0.001) (Table 7 (Tab. 7) ).

The difference is highly significant (p<0.001).

The DSS group exhibited a highly significant elevation (p < 0.001) in pro-inflammatory cytokine levels: IL-6 (73.84 ± 4.20 pg/mL) ( Fig. 5 B), IL-1β (97.07 ± 5.34 pg/mL) ( Fig. 5 C), TNF-α (684.55 ± 35.40 pg/mL) ( Fig. 5 D), and TGF-β (258.76 ± 9.33 pg/mL) ( Fig. 5 E).

Species had a highly significant effect on epicotyl length (p < 0.001; Table 1 ), with S. barbata producing substantially longer epicotyls (M = 33.77 mm) than A. cyclophyllon (M = 0.56 mm).

In terms of DISCERN scores, a highly significant difference was detected among the groups ( p < 0.001), and post-hoc Dunn testing indicated that Google Gemini 2.5 Flash differed significantly from ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-5, Deepseek-V3 and Grok 3.

3.2 Response surface experimental results The results of the response surface optimization showed that the regression model for Moringa seed oil extraction yield was highly significant (P < 0.001), with a non-significant lack-of-fit (P > 0.05), indicating good model validity.

The relationship was highly significant (R 2 = 0.85, p < 0.001), indicating that this reference region scales predictably with body size.

MGEs were also significantly associated with ARGs (M2 = 0.695, P = 0.024) and showed a highly significant correlation with MRGs (M2 = 0.601, P < 0.001).

Similarly, USPIO-enhanced MRI results showed a highly significant main effect of Group on both the maximum T2 change value (F(1, 76) = 22178, p < 0.001) and rate (F(1, 76) = 22076, p < 0.001), with T1DM rabbits exhibiting substantially higher values than controls (Fig. 1 c-e).

The Friedman test indicated a highly significant difference among the three devices ( p < 0.001).

The 7–8-week group had a non-significant increase in median SLEB thickness compared with the controls (0.239 vs 0.121 mm, p = 0.06), whereas the 15–16-week group exhibited a highly significant difference (0.370 vs 0.121 mm, p < 0.001).

Most of them had a highly significant association ( p < 0.001).

* P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant, ** P < 0.01 as highly significant, *** P < 0.001 as very highly significant, and **** P < 0.0001 as extremely significant.

The association between occupational category and anti-HBs antibody titre in the present study was highly significant (p < 0.001), consistent with findings reported by Sharma et al., who also observed higher seroprotection rates among doctors followed by nursing staff [ 9 ].

Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity was highly significant, X 2 (1830) = 13105.13, p < .001, suggesting that the item pool was correlated enough to run an EFA.

There was also a highly significant increase (P < 0.001) in the random blood glucose level in the TZ group compared to the control group.

In vitro cell viability Comparing combined therapy (NP + US) with NP alone treatments, the summed analysis across 86 studies demonstrated a highly significant reduction in cell viability attributable to US activation, with a pooled SMD of −13.16 (95% CI [−14.67, −11.64], p < 0.001).

The improvements in mean knowledge scores were highly significant (peer education p < 0.001; poster p = 0.004), but the reduced sample size may exaggerate this effect.

Both unadjusted and adjusted analyses produced a highly significant main effect of time ( F = 66.17, p < 0.001), accompanied by a large effect size (partial η 2 = 0.68).

The higher proportion of infants with protective levels of anti-HBs in the TDF-BF Group, although initially borderline statistically significant ( P = 0.046) at 12 months, demonstrated a highly significant and sustained benefit at the three-year follow-up (92.7% vs. 75.0%, P < 0.001).

Wilks' Lambda tests were highly significant in all comparisons ( p < 0.001), confirming that both ZComplexity and ZConvex Hull Volume contributed meaningfully to group discrimination.

A chi-square test across all seven shot categories confirmed that these differences were highly significant (χ2(6) = 523.12, p < 0.001), with a Cramér’s V of 0.11 indicating a small but meaningful effect size.

p < 0.05 indicates a statistically significant difference, p < 0.01 indicates a highly significant statistical difference, and p < 0.001 indicates an extremely significant statistical difference.

In all original experiments, the weighted mean effects were positive and statistical testing across studies revealed a highly significant positive effect indicating higher iron levels in AD versus HC ( d * = 0.87, p < 0.001, Figure 2A , Table 2 ).

Specifically, in the Asudyn ® group, a statistically significant difference was observed between T0 and T1 ( p = 0.007), and a highly significant difference was found between T0 and T2 ( p < 0.001).