“nominally significant”

The mediating effects of three body fat indexes ( BMI, WHR and body fat percentage ), which were nominally significant in both models ( P < 0.05), were further evaluated for nature indirect effects ( NIE ) and nature direct effects ( NDE ) on the impact of age on diabetes oncome by VanderWeele's mediation approach 25 , 26 , 27 as follows: M B o d y _ f a t _ i n d e x e s = β 0 + β A g e ⋅ A g e + B ⋅ C o v a r i a

However, the effects reported in Bäumler’s study [ 3 ] were small and nominally significant (two-tailed p < .05) only for bulkiness.

Of the 21 variants, 6 were nominally significant (p < 0.05).

Retesting the nominally significant results ( P < 0.05) of the genetic association analysis with ordered logistic regression using frailty status (robust, pre-frail and frail) phenotype confirmed the previous results.

None of these loci was even nominally significant ( p > 0.05) in the Han Chinese subgroup.

Pathway overrepresentation analyses Significantly enriched gene sets were further interrogated by extracting genes within these gene sets that exhibited nominally significant associations ( P < 0.05) in the TWAS analyses (up to a maximum of 150 genes).

In light of this, we noted both CpGs that were nominally significant ( p < 0.05) and those that were significant after accounting for 13 tests ( p < 0.0038).

Of note, 8 metabolites such as indole-3-carboxyaldehyde, tyrosine, citrulline, 3-hydroxypyridine, or 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde positively correlated with tibia SOS, although only nominally significant ( P < 0.05, Q < = 1).

For miRNAs recently found to predict Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and its conversion to AD [ 4 ], we also considered nominally significant P-values, i.e. without multiple testing adjustment (P value ≤ 0.05).

The associations remained nominally significant ( P <0.05) following an adjustment for intakes of other foods ( Table 2 ).

We identified a fully connected cluster of diseases where all pairwise genetic correlations were nominally significant (p ≤ 0.05).

A subset of 80/233 (34.3%) FDR significant associations also were nominally significant in at least one population of non-European ancestry ( p value <0.05; Supplementary Data 13 , 14 ).

Meta-analysis suggested that genetically proxied statin use was negatively associated with the order Actinomycetales, the family Actinomycetaceae, and the genera Actinomyces , Ruminococcus gnavus group , Eisenbergiella , and Erysipelatoclostridium at a nominally significant level ( P < 0.05) ( Figure 3 A ; Table S4 ).

Nominally significant findings ( P < .05) that did not meet these thresholds were reported cautiously.

Once there was nominally significant association appeared either for alleles or genotypes under additive model (nominal P < 0.05), further analyses for genotypes based on dominant and recessive models were conducted [ 16 ].

The presented additional file 3 indicate the power to find nominally significant associations (p < 0.05) given analysis settings used for the estimation of effect sizes shown in Tables 1 and 2 .

Although this analysis did not yield any significant genes after multiple testing correction, 15 genes were nominally significant ( p < 0.05), corresponding to a 2-fold enrichment with respect to the null hypothesis (Supplementary Fig. 7c ).

The primary reason for the nonreplicated pQTLs is the limited size of the replication cohort: of 70 pQTLs that had 80% replication power, 58 (82.9%) replicated and most (36 out of 38) of the nominally significant ( P < 0.05) pQTLs had concordant directionality, suggesting that most of the unreplicated pQTLs should be replicable in future larger-scale studies.

as potential biomarkers, two were not identified in our study, one (Hemoglobin subunit β) was found to be nominally significant ( p < 0.05) but did not pass adjustment for multiple testing, and the remaining five were identified but not found to be significant in our study.

Genome-wide differential expression analysis between medicated and non-medicated samples in each lesion subtype resulted in 569 (DIE), 836 (OMA) and 638 (SUP) nominally significant genes ( p < 0.05).

Where the linear dose term was nominally significant at P<0.05, we also used a complementary means of analysis to examine within-subject QTc effects.

To reduce the multiple testing burden, candidate TFs were tested for interaction with a given gene only if their marginal association with the target probe set was nominally significant ( p <0.05).

For any medication with a nominally significant association ( p < .05), the same analysis was repeated in the chemotherapy group to test for nonspecific effects.

The associations supported by more than 1,000 cases and significant effects at a p -value of <0.001 were graded as “recommended.” Nominally significant associations ( p < 0.05) were considered weak evidence.

We observed 1279 (9.6%) nominally significant protein–disease associations at P < 0.05, constituting a substantial excess in comparison to the number expected under the null.