“showed a trend”

Subjects with MCI (CDR 0.5, n = 20) showed a trend toward higher levels than controls (CDR 0, n = 18), but the trend did not reach statistical significance. p3-Alc α levels in subjects with mild AD (CDR 1, n = 13) were significantly higher than those in controls ( p < 0.05; Tukey-Kramer’s multiple comparison test).

Infantis showed a trend characterized by a high APC from 2008–2010 (p < 0.05) followed by a lower APC from 2010–2018 (p > 0.05) (see Suppl.

Phasic units, however, showed a trend of increasing MGT with decreasing stimulus level in the wild-type mice (80 dB: 5.67 ms; 60 dB: 9.95 ms; p < 0.05).

Vice versa, after 8 weeks, cardiac masses, volumes, and output showed a trend for lower values in sham operated rats compared to controls in absolute measures (782.2±57.2/260.2±33.2 vs. 805.9±84.8/310.4±48.5 mg, p<0.05 for left/right ventricular mass), but not normalized to body weight.

In terms of immunoregulatory effects, OVA sensitization and PM 2.5 exposure significantly increased total serum IgG ( Figure 3 A, p < 0.05) and showed a trend toward increased IgG1 levels ( Figure 3 B, p > 0.05) in the NC group compared to the Ctrl group.

QRT-PCR showed a trend toward prostate cancer cell lines having higher HIF-1a and TCF12 mRNA expression than the normal prostate cell line (p < 0.05, Figure 5a ).

Although the mean median pitch remained within normal range with an overall non-significant change (−3.8, NS), analysis by gender showed a trend for statistical significance ( P = 0.05) on the impact on median pitch (i.e. the fundamental frequency): while it decreased among 80% of the female patients [from 203 ± 38 to 189 ± 31 Hz (normal range: 140–220 Hz), n = 19], it was almost unchanged in the male patients [from 135.2 ± 23 to 134.5 ± 26 Hz (normal range: 85–180 Hz), n = 29] ( Supplementary Fig. 1 ).

Our results failed to show significant differences in IL-7 induced Bcl-2 expression among the different groups, although, Ag stimulation of the PBMCs of the oldest donors showed a trend to a reduced expression of this molecule (from 0.11% ± 0.03 to 0.08% ± 0.02), which did not achieve statistical significance ( P > 0.05) in comparison with those from the youngest individuals (data not shown).

Following estrogen administration, both cell types showed a trend toward recovery (CD4, P>0.05 vs TH group, TH 32.17±3.96, TH+EV 32.35±6.32; CD8, P>0.05 vs TH group, TH 6.33±1.28, TH+EV 7.43±1.41).

The total essential amino acid content was significantly elevated ( P < 0.05), while the total non-essential amino acid content showed a trend toward increase ( P = 0.05).

No significant differences were noted in the UPDRS III motor scores, even though women showed a trend towards having worse bradykinesia ( P = 0.05) and axial motor ( P = 0.07) scores compared to men during ON.

However, in several stratifications, KRAS mutation showed a trend towards significance (P ≤ 0.05).

MD showed a trend similar to that of RD, significantly in the following brain areas: SS, GU, VISC, ILA, AI, RSP, OLF, STR, PAL, and TH (ANOVA genotype factor, SGoF corrected p < 0.05, sex and interaction factors not significant) ( Figure 1 G, H, Table 1 ).

Analyses of CD8 + T cells showed a trend towards increased single IFN-γ and dual cytokine expression in the BoHV-4-M-NSP5 prime-boost group over time ( P > 0.05; Figures 3D, E ).

The concentrations of IL-5 in plasma showed a trend towards a decrease from 79 ± 7 pg/mL at time 0 to a low value of 67 ± 4 pg/mL (p < 0.05) at 120 minutes after MP injection.

Additionally, LPs showed a trend toward increased lower thoracic contributions to breathing (uncorrected P = 0.05 in KWH; uncorrected P = 0.04 in WHIC, WHM, and RM), with moderate effect sizes (Hedges' g > 0.6).

Effect of Niacin on Alpha Diversity Analysis Relative to the CTX group, the HNA group showed a trend toward higher alpha diversity, as measured by the Chao1, Ace, Shannon, and Simpson indices ( Figure 9 A–D; p < 0.05).

With the increase of selenium concentration, the content ratio of acetic acid to propionic acid in rumen fluid of sika deer at the velvet antler growing stage increased at first, before decreasing and then increasing again, among which the content ratio of SY3 acetic acid to propionic acid was the lowest ( p > 0.05), while the content of butyric acid in rumen fluid showed a trend of increasing at first and then decreasing, and the content of butyric acid was the highest in SY3 ( p > 0.05).

After the rTMS treatment, the robotic rTMS group showed a trend-level decrease in the BDI scores (z = − 1.95, p = 0.05), whereas the manual rTMS group did not (z = − 1.48, p = 0.14).

It is worth noting that although the box plots of some genes (such as PDGFD) showed a trend of differences between groups, these differences did not reach statistical significance (p>0.05), possibly due to the limitation of sample size (only 29 samples in each group) and the high variability (standard deviation >50%) of IC50 values for some drugs.

Planned contrasts revealed that participants with depression were significantly less accurate in identifying happy faces than controls, t(86) = − 2.39, p = 0.005, η 2 = 0.25, but participants with GAD were not significantly different from controls although they showed a trend in the same direction, t(86) = − 1.68, p = 0.05, η 2 = 0.18 ( Fig. 1 a).

However, in the total patient group and the Phaco-GATT group, MD at 6 and 12 months showed a trend toward progression compared to baseline ( P < 0.05).

In the subtype analysis, gastric cancer showed a trend consistent with M1, but with higher overall values; AI assistance significantly improved both sensitivity (86.73%) and accuracy (89.85%) (both p< 0.05).

Microglial depletion caused a slight, but not significant, decrease in GFAP intensity in wild-type mice, and PLX-treated ATXN1[82Q] mice showed a trend toward a decrease in GFAP expression (Fig. 4b , one-way ANOVA, p > 0.05).

WT + Trp and HET + Trp mice showed a trend toward a decrease in the relative content of adipose tissue (22.4% and 5.9%, p > 0.05) and an increase in muscle tissue throughout the study (5.9% and 2.9%, p > 0.05).