Excerpts

There were highly significant increases from baseline to endline in intervention areas compared to comparison sites in men’s self-efficacy in using a modern method correctly all the time (10%; p < 0.01) and for knowing where to obtain contraception (33%; p < 0.001), but other indicators were mixed.

On the other hand, due to the decrease in the number of people visiting governmental support centers and the difficulty of calling the emergency services in the presence of others, in some cases, the number of reports of domestic violence may inaccurately show a decreasing trend [ 18 ].

According to the Global Health Burden report, there has been a positive trend over the last 20 years in the reduction of RTCs in high-income countries, yet there is an opposite trend in low- and middle-income countries [ 3 ].

The time trend analysis demonstrates a significant trend among both sexes and all ages, particularly since about 2016.

Of course, it should be mentioned that the abovementioned studies from the USA and Denmark were conducted during the surge of COVID-19 in these countries and we witnessed a decreasing trend in the disease thereafter [ 1 ]; however, the SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was considerably still higher in our country than in those countries.

When the analyses included held-back children, and was based on their expected schoolyear, there was a clear trend, in both countries, between relative age within schoolyear and treated ADHD.

When p > 0.025, the angular coefficient is said to be statistically equal to 0, and the regression line tends to remain horizontal (no increase or a decreasing trend).

The proportion of each behavior by CAGE score showed an increasing trend.

Their study found evidence of effect modification only for the association between increases in accessibility to public transit (a composite measure of proximity, number of stops, and frequency of service) with daily steps, such that there were no statistically significant associations among the two higher SES groups, but a marginally significant negative association for the low SES group (i.e., defined by social housing recipient status [ 16 ]).

In both analyses, we observe an increasing trend of hospitalizations after the reopening, suggesting that a partial reopening strategy is not beneficial.

This effect is statistically moderately significant and occurs primarily in the case of men.

Through a latent growth mixture model, a decreasing trend of healthy ageing score was found, however, the decreasing magnitudes differed.

In general, a declining trend in the number of outbreaks was observed during holiday weeks, followed by an increasing trend shortly after.

All three groups (15–49, 50–69, and 70 + age groups) showed an increasing trend in the number of cases between 1990 and 2019, with the highest cases number in 2019 in the 50–69 age group.

As for age-standardized rates of deaths and DALY, from 1990 to 2019, the high SDI region was in a decreasing trend, and with a significant decrease corresponding to 24.0% (-30.3 to -12.3%), and 27.5% (-33.1 to -14.2%), respectively.

At baseline, this cohort only showed a trend for an association between food insecurity and perceived life stress.

Non-treatment-seekers using betting exchanges engaged in arbitrage betting which requires research and significant outlay but low risk by: “backing and laying the same runner or the same competitor in a sporting event with a fairly significant outlay to make a small profit irrespective of the result” (NTS13).

Cannabis is generally perceived as less harmful than other psychoactive substances [ 19 ], and there is a decreasing trend in its perceived harmfulness [ 20 , 21 , 22 ].

A three-year randomized control trial examining the impact of SGs in Mali found no change in income and health expenditures, with marginally significant increase in education expenditures and livestock holdings [ 34 ].

The association between alcohol use level and lifetime perpetration approached significance and misclassification of individuals due to underreporting (i.e., perpetrators reporting no violence) may have biased this estimate towards the null.

A decreasing trend meant the EAPC estimation and the upper boundary of its 95% CI were both less than 0.

The cancer incidence or mortality was deemed to be an increasing trend if the EAPC estimation and the lower boundary of its 95% CI were both greater than 0.

Conclusions AF/AFL remains a major global public health problem, although the ASR of prevalence, incidence, and DALY at the worldwide level showed a decreasing trend from 1990 to 2019(the ASR of deaths increased slightly).

The death rate showed an increasing trend with age trend (Fig. 2 c), and the rate of DALYs tended to increase with age (Fig. 2 d).

The ASMR and ASDR of disease attributable to asbestos increased between 1990 and 1994 in Russia, followed by a decreasing trend, although the decrease in 2019 was not significant compared with 1990.