Excerpts

BKMR analysis indicated a significant trend of increasing likelihood of prenatal anxiety symptoms with higher levels of the OH-PAHs mixture.

In settings characterised by significant resource scarcity, low-income nations, low gross domestic product, conflict areas, high corruption, and high gender inequality, there may be significant disparities in HIV/AIDS services and related to knowledge, attitude, stigma, and discrimination [ 128 ].

We observed an increasing trend in the outpatient rate before and during COVID-19 (Fig. 2 ).

The spatially lagged coefficient ρ is highly significant, demonstrating spatial association between the distribution of CMR in districts of Pakistan, which confirms the rationality of integrating the spatial spillover effects into the econometric model.

The period effect demonstrated an increasing trend, with a 1.21 and 1.22 times increase in RR for prevalence and DALYs risk, respectively, from the period 1992 to 2017.

Although it cannot be ruled out that the case numbers in lower-income countries may have been underestimated, other factors such as population age structure and climate can explain this situation, making the results still practically significant but full of ambiguity.

This is due to the fact that as the sample size increases, the distribution of random errors becomes more stable, and the relationship between variables is more likely to be significant.

However, the rate of condomless sex showed a decreasing trend from 2016 (98.8% in last sex and 97.2% in last month) to 2021 (58.8% in last sex and 47.8% in last month).

In the continuous dose–response meta-analysis, which included 3 cross-sectional studies [ 51 , 54 , 57 ], a highly significant linear association between ST and the incidence or prevalence of myopia was found (P linearity = 0.000; P non-linearity = 0.4509) (Fig. 4 ).

Also, in High-income North America, the ASYRs for three subtypes showed an increasing trend (Fig. 3 ).

From 2000 to 2019, the incidence of cancer in individuals older than 55 years showed a decreasing trend, whereas their five-year survival rates showed an increasing trend.

For cold season circulatory hospitalization there was an increasing trend for males in the Eastern region, a decreasing trend for all groups except females in the Central region, but no trend in the Western region.

It was found that the association between ILI + A/H1N1 and acute appendicitis admission became marginally insignificant (cumulative ARR at 95th percentile: 0.966, 95% CI: 0.929–1.004).

Globally, we observed a decreasing trend of PCV7 serotypes after its introduction in pediatric NIP which was offset by an increase of non-vaccine serotypes.

From 1990 to 2021, the global ASIR of RA (AAPC = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.46 to 0.49), IBD (0.22 [0.12 to 0.33]), MS (0.22 [0.19 to 0.26]), T1DM (0.83 [0.80 to 0.86]), and Psoriasis (0.33 [0.31 to 0.34]) showed increasing trends, whereas Asthma (-0.96 [-1.03 to -0.88]) showed a decreasing trend.

Moreover, the overall prevalence of dyslipidemia (defined as the presence of any type of dyslipidemia) in Chinese individuals ≥ 18 years of age was 8.6%, 34.0%, 39.91%, and 40.4% in 2002, 2010, 2011, and 2012, respectively, showing an increasing trend [ 5 ].

Background The incidence of stroke in China is increasing, along with a clear trend in the prevalence of risk factors.

A decreasing trend was observed for ASMR and ASDR of those age 60 to 90 years old with a reverse trend only occurs in 80 to 84 years old (Figure S 5 ).

Moreover, previous studies have shown inconsistencies regarding the strength of transient loneliness effects, ranging from significant but less strong than chronic loneliness [ 40 ], to somewhat significant depending on duration [ 42 ] and even no significance [ 41 ].

After including social interaction and social support, the association between chronic loneliness and changes in Symbol search performance became significant (having been marginally significant in the main analyses).

The second most common location for burns was the lower limbs, which demonstrated an increasing trend with age.

There was a decreasing trend in the frequency of discrepancies with increasing age.

This was associated with an overall trend towards a poorer arthritis risk, indicating that gender and age have a significant impact on arthritis.

This observation challenges the existing narrative as previous studies contradicted our findings, and it was uncommon to conclude that graduate students reported such a positive trend in sleep quality [ 57 ].

Despite a decreasing trend in the prevalence of maternal HBV infection in Baoan district, the current prevalence rate of 7.65% in 2022 remained relatively high when compared to the national level of 5.44% in 2020 [ 6 ].