Excerpts

In contrast, the carbamoyl-tRNA biosynthesis pathway showed the opposite trend, and its upregulated pathway was highly significant ( p -value < 0.01).

The results are expressed as ‘mean ± standard error’, where a single asterisk (*) indicates a significant difference at p < 0.05, while a double asterisk (**) signifies a highly significant difference at p < 0.01 [ 38 ]. 3.

As shown in Figure 9 , 8 pairs of indicators showed a highly significant correlation ( p ≤ 0.01), and 8 pairs of indicators showed significant correlation ( p ≤ 0.05).

There was a significant negative correlation between Bacillus and ethyl hexanoate ( p < 0.05), Pichia showed a significant negative correlation with ethyl isobutyrate ( p < 0.05), Candida showed a highly significant negative correlation with ethyl butyrate ( p < 0.01), and Rhodosporidium was significantly positively correlated with ethyl butyrate ( p < 0.05).

However, compared to the MOD group, there were highly significant differences in the spleen and thymus index of the M-POP-1 and H-POP-1 groups ( p < 0.01).

In comparison to the control, MDHAR activity in the PAA-treated group was higher during the whole storage period, and the difference was extremely significant at 6 d, 9 d, and 12 d, which was 1.21-, 1.19- and 1.34- fold ( p < 0.01) of control group, respectively.

The interaction of STEC isolate by antimicrobial treatment was highly significant for describing STEC survival on hide pieces ( p < 0.01) ( Table 2 ).

Statistically significant differences were defined as p < 0.05, highly significant statistical differences as p < 0.01, and a trend towards significance as p < 0.10.

Except for gender and age, the statistical difference between the groups was highly significant ( p < 0.01).

Concurrently, the M group displayed a highly significant increase in body mass ( p < 0.01), with a gain of 6.56%.

The only parameter that presented highly significant difference among seasons (winter, summer > autumn) and dairies was chewiness ( p < 0.01).

From the p -value, it could be seen that the influence of factors B, C, AC, BC, A2, and C2 was extremely significant ( p < 0.01), the influence of factors A was significant ( p < 0.05), and the influence of factors AB and B2 were no significant ( p > 0.05).

The rescue capacity was highly significant ( p ≤ 0.01) for Shawaya short black-1, IS1311C, and QL33 but not significant ( p > 0.05) for the others.

For Salmonella challenged with CPC and then neutralized, the interaction of sanitizer concentration and neutralizers concentration was highly significant ( p < 0.01) for predicting Salmonella growth or non-growth; counts of Salmonella inocula did not function as a co-variate to influence growth/no growth results ( Table 1 ).

At the end of the storage period, the count was below an arbitrary maximum acceptable limit of 7.0 Log CFU/g [ 17 ], and the effect of chitosan in containing the growth was highly significant ( p < 0.01).

The interactive effects of frying temperature and thickness have extremely significant effects on the hardness and color difference ( p < 0.01).

Furthermore, the 100-permutation test ( Figure 2 f) yielded a highly significant result ( p < 0.01), confirming the statistical robustness of the PLS-DA model.

The use of different letters such as “a” and “b” indicates significant differences at the p < 0.05 level; “**” indicates extremely significant difference at the p < 0.01 level, “*” indicates significant difference at the p < 0.05 level, and “ns” indicates no significant difference between the two groups. 3.

Apart from neophytadiene, there was a highly significant ( p < 0.01) or significant ( p < 0.05) negative correlation between the DPPH radical scavenging ability (IC50 value) and the content of five terpenoid compounds.

Based on the trend of gel properties with changes in α-helix and β-sheet content, as shown in Figure 9 , there was a significant positive correlation ( p < 0.05) between α-helix, β-sheet, and elasticity, viscosity, Final G′′, Final G’, and a highly significant positive correlation ( p < 0.01) between α-helix, β-sheet, and WHC, hardness, and chewiness.

The mushroom-characteristic VOCs 1-Octen-3-one showed highly significant positive correlations with the bitter amino acids Met and Phe ( p < 0.01).

An additional correlation analysis ( Table 3 ) resulted in highly significant ( p < 0.01) correlation coefficients that ranged between 0.71 (between Fe nutritional yield and Cu nutritional yield) and 0.95 (between yield and Mg nutritional yield) for the five variables studied (yield; and Fe, Zn, Cu, and Mg nutritional yield). 3.3.

With increasing slope on the AB and AD surfaces, the interactive effect was highly significant ( p < 0.01), the AC interactive effect was significant ( p < 0.05), and the BC , BD , and CD interactive effect were not significant ( p > 0.05).

Finally, looking at Pearson’s correlations, there were highly significant correlations between TPC and DPPH ( p < 0.01), whilst flavones (luteolin equivalents) were well correlated to phenolic acids (ferulate equivalents) and flavanols (catechin equivalents) ( p < 0.05).

However, highly significant differences were observed for band 7 ( p = 0.01) and band 9 ( p < 0.001), between day 0 and day 14 (marked bold in Table 1 ).