Excerpts

Here, there was a decreasing trend of bacterial richness going from the normal tissue to peritumoral and tumoral tissues, which indicated that as the microenvironment of a tumor is altered, it becomes unsuitable for colonization with specific bacterial.

In contrast, four microbial genera exhibited an increasing trend toward the end of the fermentation processes (92–140 h), namely Acetobacter , Komagataeibacter , Gluconacetobacter , and Zymomonas .

However, an increasing prevalence of MDR Salmonella resistant toward clinically important antimicrobials such as fluoroquinolones and third-generation cephalosporins highlights a worrying trend toward Salmonella infections that are increasingly difficult to treat with antibiotics ( Jajere, 2019 ).

Clinical studies showed that patients with meningococcemia or hemorrhage due to trauma who received Neuprex ® had no toxic side effects and showed a trend toward improved outcomes, i.e., reduced bone marrow aplasia and deaths ( Demetriades et al., 1999 ; Guinan et al., 2011 ).

As shown in Figure 5A , a significant trend toward separation was observed between every pair of groups.

Early-stage litter did not decompose differently when deployed at the two sites, though we did see a marginally significant effect of origin with early-stage litter from the Rain Site moved to the NRM Site, showing greater mass loss than similarly aged litter from the NRM Site ( Figure 5E ).

Changes in dehydrogenase activity throughout the experiment had a decreasing trend, being consistent with the notions reported by Chen et al.

A highly significant phytoplankton group for global marine biogeochemistry, Cyanophyceae, especially Prochlorococcus , was recorded in high abundance from most of the surface and DCM waters ( Figure 9 ).

Additionally, the TP and AP showed an increasing trend with the increase of cultivation years, which may result from low Pi utilization, the misuse of inorganic fertilizers, and soil P sorption capacity increasing due to the low soil pH ( Hou et al., 2020 ; Zhang W. et al., 2020 ).

Moreover, Talaromyces , Oidiodendron , and Rhodotorula were initially increasing and then declining in significance, while Fusarium showed a trend of first decline and then rise in significance ( Figure 4D and Supplementary Table 4 ).

Through the results, it was concluded that nutrient concentration presented a decreasing trend from the area near the estuary to the area far away from the estuary.

The ammonia-oxidizing Thaumarchaeota are conspicuously present in all three environments, and their diversity gradient reflects an overall trend of greatest archaeal diversity in soil (Nitrososphaerales, Nitrosotaleales, and Nitrosopumilales), reduced diversity in freshwater biofilms (Nitrososphaerales) and lowest diversity in estuarine water (Nitrosopumilales).

Except for cyanolichen crusts which have a special survival strategy, with the succession of natural biocrusts, the abundances of nrfAH and nosZ increased, while other genes such as glt , ureABC , gls , amoABC , hao , narB , nirA , nirBD showed a decreasing trend.

For heat treatment, the evaluated proportion of heat injured cells had an increasing trend with increasing treatment time (0–150 min).

In our study, AST content in both groups was within the normal range; however, it showed a trend of significant decrease after YC addition, which is a positive signal for liver function.

It is intriguing to observe marginally significant and positive correlations of soil ammonium concentration with bacterial and fungal alpha diversity metrics in the root endosphere or rhizosphere.

(1999) showed that there may be significant differences in carbon transfer rates and partitioning of carbon between the symbionts in different lichen (e.g., L. pulmonaria ) by using 13 C-NMR spectroscopy in combination with 13 CO 2 labeling.

baumannii isolates can be quite significant in clinical settings.

Heterogeneity of macrophages allows these cells to maintain different roles necessary for the tissue they reside, and the degree to which macrophages differ can be quite significant depending on their niche.

The AWCD is an indicator of total activity and can give an overall trend of metabolic activity of the microbial communities in time ( Tanase et al., 2017 ).

( 2017 ) also demonstrated that microbial families belonging to Verrucomicrobiaceae and Enterobacteriaceae showed a trend toward increased abundance in helminth-infected individuals, but Leuconostocaceae and Bacteroidaceae showed a relative increase in helminth-negative and treated patients, respectively.

In addition, CCL4, CXCL1, and CXCL2 expression in the co-infection group was highly significant, while CX3CL1 and XCL1 expression was equivalent to that in mock control ( Figure 3 ).

The bacterial diversity index first increased and then decreased, while the diversity of fungi showed an increasing trend.

The levels of these substances, with relatively high starting concentrations, showed a decreasing trend in the first 2 days of fermentation then increased and stabilized.

An expected trend was observed in which, at a lower pH, the absorbance at 420 nm was lower in the inoculation and co-inoculations with the Lt.