Excerpts

Plants exposed to stressful conditions exhibited a decreasing trend in photochemical quenching and an increase in non-photochemical quenching parameters, although non-photochemical quenching parameters also decrease at severe stressful conditions ( Murchie and Lawson, 2013 ).

ANS expression showed a trend similar to that of DFR only until 5 h UV-B treatment.

After 21 days, all the seedlings grew higher than those of 14 days, and the seedling height showed an apparent trend that constantly decreased with colchicine concentration.

As for the activities of SSS, they showed a trend that decreased firstly at the radical emerging stage and then increased slightly and constantly during the following stages ( Figure 5B ).

In addition, the diameter and the weight of seedlings were also inhibited in the media containing colchicine, showing a decreasing trend with colchicine concentrations ( Figures 3B,C ).

(2008) reported that the chalkiness of a japonica “Asominori” and an indica “IR24” cross showed a decreasing trend under eCO 2 .

Biomass The overall competition significantly affected the aboveground biomass of Trifolium ( Table 2 ), with a decreasing trend of Trifolium biomass per plant with increasing presence of Lolium ( Figure 3 ).

Mycorrhizal Dependency and Neighbor Effects In Trifolium , mycorrhizal growth dependency (MGD) was not affected by competition or fertilization, while both factors did affect MGD in Lolium ( Table 1 ), although a clear trend in the latter species was absent ( Figure 6 ).

During 3 consecutive years, a decreasing trend of low contamination of toxic metals/metalloids was observed in an ionome study of potato tubers ( Muntean et al., 2019 ).

Interestingly, in comparison to the soluble sugars, starch showed a negative trend where it remained almost similar in the irrigated plants, whereas it declined with stress in the non-irrigated plants and exhibited a 2.5-fold decrease on day 15 of stress.

scoparia showed a decreasing trend, with a biggest decrease of 28.81% (T 0 × W 60 vs.

Impacts of Climatic and Vegetation Factors on River Runoff Across all six river basins, the river runoff showed different degrees of decrease (two river basins showed a significant trend, three basins showed a marginally significant trend, and one basin didn’t show a significant trend), while GPP_GS (except the Hailaer river basin) and GSL showed an increase and delay trend during 1982–2015, respectively ( Figures 3 , 6 ).

There is a clear trend of increasing ET that, we found, both humid and semi-humid basins experienced the whole basin from 1982 to 2015, and the degree of increase can be divided into three levels ( Figure 5 and Supplementary Figure 4B ).

In this study, the JA content did not change much during the infection process, but exhibited a decreasing trend, suggesting that JA has little to do with resistance to P. viticola .

The expression levels showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, consistent with previous studies in CS ( Figure 6B ; Simons et al., 2006 ).

Average ring density and MXD chronologies of alder were influenced by cDBH and showed a significant Period effect with smaller values between 2003 and 2010 than before 2003 at both stands ( post-hoc test P = 0.019 and 0.008, respectively), and a marginally significant Stand × Period effect.

The results showed a highly significant strain × cultivar interactions on nodulation response.

Several previous studies have documented that species with higher heat tolerance show an increasing trend in antioxidant enzyme activity in response to high-temperature stress, but susceptible species fail to do so.

The Genotypes × Treatment interaction for all traits was highly significant, suggesting that all parents and hybrids behaved differently under heat stress ( Table 2 ).

The fact that GmAOX1 has higher specific activity and requires less pyruvate for its activation, compared to its more highly expressed AOX2 counterparts in soybean, may be significant in planta because AOX1 is the most stress-inducible isoform in legumes ( Sweetman et al., 2019a ).

soybean plant height QTL QTN candidate genes The results of ANOVA ( Table 2 ) showed that there were highly significant differences in environment, genotype, and genotype × environment interaction effect, which indicated that PH was influenced not only by genotype and environment but also by genotype by environment interaction effect.

harmala seeds exhibited significant antibacterial activity against the causal pathogen of brown rot in potato with MIC of 4 at 300 μg/ml while the effect was moderately significant on the three other tested bacteria ( Shaheen and Issa, 2020 ).

The expression level of YUC4 was high during early stages of growth and development (S1–S3), but showed a decreasing trend in later stages (S4–S6), suggesting that this gene might play a role in immature tissues of C. sinense ovules.

sinensis leaves showed a decreasing trend over time.

The large variation detected for flowering time, its component phases, final leaf number (FLN) and phyllochron was dominated by differences between genotypes, and to a lesser extent, though still highly significant, by temperature and interactions of genotype with both temperature and vernalization ( Table 2 ).