Excerpts

As online shopping is experiencing an increasing trend ( Eurostat, 2022a ) it is of interest to research the psychological processes at the interface between the physical and the online environment that the person is interacting with.

Effects of Sentences Every version A of a sentence within the clinical context presented to the patients resulted in a highly significant reduction in maximal arm muscle strength at both time points, by 8.6–17.2% at T2 ( Figure 1 and Table 4 ).

Indeed, recent research has unveiled an increasing trend and interest among retired athletes seeking careers in various educational levels ( Iio et al., 2023 ).

Results showed that clinical psychology trainees reported improvements from before to after training on measures of counseling self-efficacy, client–therapist alliance, self-kindness, acceptance, defusion, mindfulness and values, and a marginally significant improvement on somatic symptoms, despite a trend toward increased work-related stress.

A marginal difference of presence and a highly significant difference of perceived synchrony were found, with higher scores in the sensorimotor as compared to the conventional group.

While a significantly higher embodiment score for the sensorimotor compared to the conventional group was expected (hypothesis 1), only a statistical trend in the predicted direction (together with a mild difference in presence) was found.

Second, given the importance of joint attention and serve-and-return responding to language development (e.g., Tomasello and Farrar, 1986 ), it may be significant that some types of media are themselves interactive.

Furthermore, it showed moderately significant associations with dysfunctional attitudes, negative automatic thoughts, and severity of depressive and anxiety symptoms, indicating convergent validity.

It would be important to gather more data to identify a clear trend.

In the smile group, the participants’ IPA showed a decreasing trend, which means the embodied positive emotions activated by the smile facial expression manipulation did not play a positive role in regulating the negative emotions induced by the video but instead significantly increased the implicit negative emotions.

It also disappeared in Mandarin, but in this language, we observed that the older group of children improved in the comprehension of object RCs slightly more than in the comprehension of subject RCs, although this interaction was only marginally significant.

We also found significant reductions in depression symptoms and marginally significant reductions in negative affect.

More specifically, it is quite significant to analyze the effectiveness of agency cost as a moderator between CSR disclosure and firms’ growth.

For the verbal stimulus, the gender variable is highly significant, in addition to representing a measurable effect together with the actual stimulus.

Similarly, a marginally significant positive correlation was observed with affective empathy.

In contrast to the first regression model, the association between age and career plans was marginally significant, indicating that being younger in age was associated with a greater likelihood of planning a career as a professional esport player.

As the age decreases, the scores of the psychological capital of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial opportunity ability show an increasing trend.

This revealed highly significant correlations between the different scores within cultures (see Table 2 ).

Moreover, anxiety negatively affected subjective norms and PBC, with a marginally significant effect on attitudes, meanwhile it had a positive effect on intention.

A manual backward-step approach was taken, and all factors from the final model which met a threshold of p > 0.10 were excluded, to ensure the inclusion of marginally non-significant effects.

The possible loss in significance might stem from interconversion of effects between d and r (such conversions are known to very slightly bias values; Schmidt and Hunter, 2015 ) and from rounding down to two decimal places (so as to homogenize the reporting of each effect across studies), both of which may make marginally significant d values reported in one study marginally non-significant when recomputed for meta-analysis.

Except for the eye contact item, the correlations between the total and item scores of the two versions were highly significant ( Table 8 ).

The investigation shows an increasing trend in this area, with universities in USA, UK, Australia and China leading exploration of subjects like emotional perception, multicultural identity processes and cultural adaptability.

pmc-status-qastatus 0 pmc-status-live yes pmc-status-embargo no pmc-status-released yes pmc-prop-open-access yes pmc-prop-olf no pmc-prop-manuscript no pmc-prop-legally-suppressed no pmc-prop-has-pdf yes pmc-prop-has-supplement no pmc-prop-pdf-only no pmc-prop-suppress-copyright no pmc-prop-is-real-version no pmc-prop-is-scanned-article no pmc-prop-preprint no pmc-prop-in-epmc yes pmc-license-ref CC BY section-at-acceptance Educational Psychology In recent decades, there has been a notable trend toward using the internet and technology for education.

Self-esteem showed statistical differences among age ranges, with a decreasing trend the older athletes get.