Excerpts

In this equation, the model fit curve shows a positive trend in the number of annual publications over the previous 20 years (R 2 = 0.98496; the closer R 2 is to 1, the better the trend line fit).

During the sample period, the mean values of the institutional environment in the eastern, central and western regions were 8.02, 6.17 and 5.51, respectively, showing an obvious trend of high in the east and low in the west.

In most areas of China, although PM 2.5 concentrations have shown a decreasing trend, exceedance rates remain high [ 12 , 13 ].

However, from the interannual variations of NDVI, this study didn't observe the similar changes to the mean decadal variations of NDVI in southern Africa (a positive change in mean decadal NDVI before 2000s, while a negative trend after 2000s).

The mean decadal NDVI presented a positive trend before the 2000s while a negative trend after the 2000s in southern Africa.

It is considerably significant to assess the ability of an algorithm to face statistical attacks.

Although generally a positive trend between the accumulation of dead biomass and the time elapsed since the last fire may be detected, in Mediterranean vegetation, such rule does not apply.

However, a decreasing trend in both the number of fires and burned hectares has been observed since then, with a slight increase only over the 2011–2013 period.

The maxima and minima LST also demonstrate an increasing trend.

In summary, the data showed that semi-automated quantification and fully automated quantification via NETQUANT produced mostly different results from hand counting with an overall heterogenous pattern, ranging from highly significant to similar levels. 3 Discussion Missing a standard quantification technique makes comparisons of results between different research groups, which are working on the topic of NET formation, a challenging task.

The phytoplankton density increased, followed by a decreasing trend.

With the increase in the proportion of larger algae, the phytoplankton biomass showed an increasing trend when the phytoplankton density decreased.

An interesting trend in recent user experience research on Airbnb is the increasing use of online review data mining as a methodology.

9 that the total trade volume of all upstream, midstream, and downstream commodities in China has shown an increasing trend, but except for the imports of semiconductor silicon wafers and the exports of integrated circuits, the rest have declined significantly in 2019 and picked up in 2020.

The change in incidence rate ratios was 1.25 (0.84–1.82) for unexpected ICU admissions from general wards, showing an increasing trend, and 0.70 (0.37–1.23) for in-hospital resuscitation codes, showing a decreasing trend but not a significant difference. 4.

At day 21, in both conditions, the expression showed a decreasing trend to 644.5-fold with PBMCs and 2165-fold without PBMCs with significant differences between the two data set ( p < 0.05).

S2 ), we observed that the first 4 performance points (2013–2014), also showed a trend, and were hence excluded.

We also report p-values <0.10 as a trending toward significance.

Additionally, a positive trend is observed in autumn and spring with high values along the western coast and in the northern BoB, respectively ( Fig. 3 k and i).

It is noteworthy that, amidst the strong warming in NIO during recent decade, NPP exhibits an increasing trend, which is mostly significant, particularly in the western AS, where warming is profound.

On the other hand, BoB shows a weak trend except along the Indian coastal regions.

Warming with an average rate of 0.02 °C yr −1 (insignificant) is observed in these regions, where the western AS, including both marginal gulfs, shows a negative trend in SST, with the highest decline of about −0.08 °C yr −1 (significant) in Persian Gulf.

Nevertheless, even in patients with sleep impairments, most studies reflect slightly significant improved sleep quality, which is mostly self-reported by participants and involves longer training programs [ 34 , 85 ].

Since we observed an increasing trend in the expression level of DE protein, we also performed a correlation analysis between each RBD binding immunoglobulin with each DE protein involved in the convalescent COVID-19 saliva sub-clustering ( Fig. 6 D–H).

The levels of nitrogen and sulfur did not show a clear trend.