Excerpts

Assessment of Soil Conservation Services The total amount of soil conservation in the study area was 84.68 million Mg, 49.12 million Mg, 53.72 million Mg and 54.86 million Mg in 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2018, respectively; this is indicative of a decreasing trend from 1990 to 2010, and an increasing trend from 2010 to 2018 ( Figure 5 ).

As shown in Figure 4 , from 1990 to 2018, the study area was dominated by middle- and low- value carbon storage areas, wheras the distribution of high value carbon storage areas showed a trend from local concentration to fragmentation.

From 2010 to 2018, the contribution rate of conversion-in for medium-cover grassland exceeded the contribution rate of conversion-out, but this type of grassland still showed a decreasing trend.

There is a clear trend, in which services with greater technological incorporation and greater medical specialization represent a professional domain of greater attraction for students [ 32 , 33 ].

In the case of 20 °C, the pH decreased from 7 to 4.0, then increased from pH 4 to 5 between days 3 and 12 and kept an increasing trend.

Vertical Distribution Combining the figure and the actual drilling measurement, the concentration of heavy metals in the vertical distribution showed an overall trend of low concentration in the upper layer and high concentration in the lower layer.

An overall trend of an increasing number of publications per year was observed, and this trend appears to be accelerating, with over half of the documents having been published between 2011 and 2018 (369) ( Figure 1 ).

Despite not achieving statistical significance in the logistic regression model, it is worth noting that the estimated ORs for a poorer VL level showed a decreasing trend with increasing age and higher education, a result that confirms the insights from our descriptive analysis and from the HLS 19 international report on the role of age and education in VL.

Overall, there is a low to moderately significant association between seeing parental violence or family aggression and subsequent aggressive behavior perpetration or victimization in romantic relationships.

Serum levels of PCB congeners showed an increasing trend in the age group 20–59 years as PCB180 GM was 19.45 (ng/g) in PAH vs. 12.75 (ng/g) in the control.

Socioeconomic Influencing Factors Level of Economic Development Figure 4 showed that the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and the output value of the tertiary industry show a decreasing trend from southeast to northwest China, which is consistent with the overall spatial distribution of traditional villages.

This indicates that traditional villages in China showed a trend of aggregated distribution in space.

Similarly, in Singapore, there is an increasing trend of ageing population in the last decade with higher demand for managing complex care patients [ 1 ].

It is a notable trend in recent years to introduce complex system and complex network theory into the study of social governance.

There is therefore a critical need in the literature relating to the feasibility, effectiveness and acceptability of PCIT in LMIC, where cultural, linguistic, and socio-economic diversity and disparities are likely to be significant.

The following conclusions are drawn: (1) In the four rice-producing regions under different shared socioeconomic paths, the number of warm days (Tx90p), total heavy rainfall (R99p), and 5-day maximum rainfall (Rx5day) show an increasing trend in the future.

The number of cold nights (Tn10p) was lower than that in the historical reference period, showing a decreasing trend.

The total amount of extremely heavy precipitation (R99p) projected for the future did not change significantly in the four rice-producing regions, showing a slightly increasing trend.

Though only marginally significant, caregivers who reported that they were more ready to put effort into changing their behaviors at intake were also more likely to complete the CDI phase of PCIT even after accounting for caregiver language.

The results (β = 0.066; T-value = 1.197 and p < 0.05) prove that the relation is positive and partially significant, allowing us to partially accept H3.

CO 2 emissions from Beijing households show an increasing trend in urban areas but a slight decrease in rural areas, while higher population and urbanization lead to enhanced emissions in both urban and rural areas [ 22 ].

Overall, urban household carbon emissions in 286 cities at the prefecture-level and above in China showed a trend of shrinking from 2005 to 2015.

The results show that: Overall carbon emissions of urban households in cities of China showed a decreasing trend during the study period, but there were significant differences in the carbon emissions of urban households in the four major regions.

Significance was set with a probability of type I error as 0.05 or less, while p -levels ranging between p > 0.05 to p < 0.10 were considered a statistical trend toward significance.

Data from the literature published over the past decade showed a trend of administering and prolonging dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT); DAPT in particular is preferred to single-antiplatelet therapy (SAPT) in subjects who have undergone endovascular aortic aneurysm exclusion with the snorkel technique, treated with increased numbers of visceral vessels [ 16 ].