Excerpts

The number of cervical cancers has increased from 311 in 2012 to 340 in 2021 in Norway, and the incidence rate showed an increasing trend (from 12.4/10 5 in 2010 to 14.5/10 5 in 2019) before decreasing slightly to 12.6/10 5 in 2021 [ 18 ].

Quantitatively, reductions in caregiver burden and improvements in resident’ quality of life and loneliness were statistically significant or trending toward significance, particularly within the first month of intervention.

Discussion In this study, it was observed that Paraguay and Venezuela are the MERCOSUR countries with the lowest MPOWER scores and the only countries that have not shown any indicator of LOC with a decreasing trend between 2005 and 2021.

Table 2 shows the results of the GEE models applied to the pre-pandemic time-series data of monthly age-standardized mortality rates: a decreasing trend for all-cause, circulatory, and cancer mortality and an increasing trend for neurological and mental disorders could be confirmed.

There is a significant trend of natural disasters in Indonesia which has increased by 82% (2010–2022), especially through hydrometeorological disasters caused by climate change including wild fires, floods, droughts, landslides, storms, and typhoons [ 7 ].

The simulation results of the LRB show that from 2020 to 2050, the annual mean of TN and TP load presented a trend of RCP2.6 < RCP4.5 < RCP8.5 < reference period, and the occurrence probability of extreme water pollution events showed a trend of RCP4.5 > reference period > RCP2.6 > RCP8.5.

We did not find an increase in the subjective happiness score, although some of its primary characteristics such as self-esteem, self-efficacy, sociability and more effective coping with life’s stressors showed a positive trend in our study [ 29 ].

On the other hand, mortality due to neurologic and mental disorders (mainly accounted in Italy by dementia and neurodegenerative diseases) showed an increasing trend.

The species richness was high in the surface and bottom layers, with a decreasing trend from the I layer to the VI layer, explained by the fact that the nutrient level in the Danjiangkou Reservoir water decreased year by year from 2017 to 2019.

These may be significant for explaining the effects of non-acoustic factors and merit further research.

Although a decreasing trend of the doses was suggested, it was not possible to account for temporal changes in the doses based on the data in which variations were reflected.

These associations were also consistent with previous studies [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ], and there was a clear trend that showed increased Body Mass Indexes in the older women population in Hungary [ 22 ].

This work revealed that as the geographical location draws nearer to the mining site, an increasing trend in the perceived improvement of the road network among the identified locations with the assistance of the mining company is agreed upon by the respondents.

The time course of CD notifications showed an increasing trend from 2006 to 2013, when the median of notifications attained the maximum value.

The observation at 4 months after the end of the intervention (t8) showed a trend of decreasing adherence to the Mediterranean diet and to a regular physical activity program.

In the vertical distribution, phytoplankton were mainly observed in the surface–thermospheric layer (I–II layer) and the bottom layer, while the Shannon–Wiener index showed a trend of gradually decreasing from the I–V layer.

However, the ORP showed response to the hydraulic shock loading with an increasing trend of ORP from −387 mV to −226 mV.

The analysis reveals a clear trend in LTBI positivity rates across age groups.

Findings from the two studies revealed that, above the influence of ER strategies on these outcomes, women tended to report more psychopathological symptoms than men, with an increasing trend also observed for girls’ insomnia symptoms.

The crude mortality rate overall showed an increasing trend, but by adjusting with the age distribution of casualties in 2010, it showed a slightly decreasing trend.

In addition, R 2 of the regression equation exhibited a decreasing trend under the conditions of normal, mild wetness, and moderate wetness.

While PM 2.5 episodes had the highest mortality impact over the entire period, Figure 6 shows a decreasing trend in PM 2.5 -related deaths, as episode days dropped from an average of 18.6 per year (1998–2023) to 3.0 per year (2019–2023).

BMI showed a trend of a negative correlation with many of the psychological stress outcomes apart from family-related problems, which was positively correlated with BMI.

The efficiency level of counties at the same level was the same, and showed a decreasing trend from first to seventh.

Except for category 3329, most of them showed a trend of flat or declining concentration. 6.2.2.