Excerpts

Similarly, the compressive strength showed an increasing trend with curing time no matter the amount of cement dosage and RAP (24.79~40.99% from 7 to 28 days, and 4.28~7.73% from 28 to 90 days).

Test results indicated that the ultimate failure load had a decreasing trend with the increase of the reclaimed aggregate substitute ratio, but the structure’s safety was proved.

With increasing reaction temperatures, the content of NH 4 -N in hydrochars showed a slightly increasing trend, while that of NO 3 -N changed little, consistent with the research results reported by Kruse et al.

With the increase in reaction temperature, the content of Alkali-ON in hydrochars overall showed a decreasing trend.

For increasing stress, the frequency has an increasing trend.

Currently, we can observe an interesting trend in the strategy of using by-products of the processing industry [ 29 , 30 ].

For some materials, it may be significant to increase not only the length of the melt pool, but also its depth—as, for example, it turned out to be for a titanium alloy.

For DL-125, a slight trend could be obtained for a decreased W 2 as ∆ offset increases due to the longer cooling time between the laser energy inputs.

For the dual-laser processing with offset distances between 1 mm and 4 mm, the results show a significant trend to a higher microhardness, with values up to 471 HV0.1 for DL-125 and DL-200.

For such advanced simulations, the time frame is still quite significant; however, with the developed parallelized CA SRX model, the 3D computations can be realized within a range of minutes, while the 2D model can be executed within seconds, which provides a possibility even for an online process control. 6.

Thus, with the increasing hardness of the reinforced materials, the coefficient of friction demonstrates a decreasing trend with the same reason on weight loss and wear rate.

When increasing the applied load, the wear rate shows an increasing trend irrespective of the second parameter, which is depicted in Figure 10 a,e–g,l, due to the elevated contact between the pin and disk.

This demonstrates that particle acceleration shows a decreasing trend from top to bottom of the specimen.

In terms of structural, both zones show quite significant differences from each other.

However, the relative atomic displacements Δ d showed a decreasing trend from 0.31 Å to 0.00 Å as the atomic number of the group-IV species increased, so that the monolayer PbTe (with Δ d = 0.00 Å) formed in an ideal NaCl-type structure.

From Figure 10 b, it can be seen that the overall b -value showed a trend of rising first and then declining, and the b -value entered a rapid fluctuation around the 0.4~0.5 load level.

Global production (including mangos, mangosteens, and guavas) reached 55.85 MMT in 2019, with an increasing trend in comparison with 2018, when the production was about 53.41 MMT [ 167 ].

Regarding the influence of specific frequencies, a clear trend is not detected.

Thermal diffusivity showed a decreasing trend with increasing temperature, due to the progressively higher phonon scattering [ 31 , 32 ].

In the present study, all the R 2 characteristics were near to 1, implying that the data and models generated were incredibly significant. 3.4.2.

On the other hand, it is not possible to conclude what the effect of nitrogen gas on the crystallite size of the nitrogenous phases is because its size does not present a clear trend.

The data depict the aforementioned decrease in total surface area and volume; however, the same data also depict an interesting trend regarding the porous evolution of these samples.

It is easy to notice that when considering the samples with deformation coefficient λ equal to 1.33, the length of the elastic deformation region was estimated to be 4 times longer in comparison to the deformation coefficient λ equal to 1.1, which is experimental evidence that the extent of the elastic deformation region is fully related and dependable on the shape of the applied diameter reduction and die geometry, and the estimated differences were quite significant.

Since the price variations per kg of the product are quite significant, the associated costs with ILs, DESs synthesized from raw materials are presented individually.

However, results do not provide a clear trend, and more tests with several pigment proportions will be conducted in the near future to clarify this issue.