Excerpts

The numerical results indicated that as the stud height increased, both the shear carry capacity and shear stiffness of the studs exhibited a decreasing trend, although the magnitude of the change was limited.

The impedance of the Ni-B coating sample starts close to 8000 Ω, but unlike the first two samples, it exhibits an increasing trend at low frequencies before decreasing again.

However, a decreasing trend in diffraction peak intensity is observed with increasing boron mud content.

As the off-axis angle gradually increases, the nonlinear behavior and ultimate fracture strain of specimens both show a decreasing trend.

As observed in Figure 9 e, the contact resistance initially shows a decreasing trend with increasing microwave power until it surpasses 700 W, after which it begins to increase.

From Figure 2 , it can be observed that as the dosage of the flame retardant increases, the penetration and ductility values show a decreasing trend, while the softening point and LOI show an increasing trend.

These shear bands demonstrated a clear trend in crack propagation.

A decreasing trend of Al wt.% was recorded with an increase in the build height for the wall made without interlayer delay, as shown in Figure 7 a.

When lath thickness values were plotted as a function of build height up to 15 mm considering only the characteristic regions ( Figure 9 a), an increasing trend of lath thickness with increasing build height was observed for all three samples.

While the left-edge and right-edge flash areas increased with deposit height, as a percentage of the total area, they did not follow an obvious trend with increasing deposit height.

The compressive strength showed a decreasing trend, and as the dosage of waste rock wool increased, the proportion of cement decreased, the dosage of cement hydration products decreased, and the internal structure of the mortar was loosened.

NaNO 3 related with the oxidation of water, which creates surface functional groups on the carbon electrode, are quite significant, as is the reversible hydrogen adsorption and desorption reactions at the negative electrode due to the electrochemical reduction in water.

With increasing CaO, the conductivity of the alloy shows an increasing trend, and it is lower than that of GB/T26867-2011 [ 23 ] at 10%, 15%, and 20%.

An increase in sintering temperature from 800 to 1200 °C led to an increasing trend in hardness, primarily due to the higher relative density and formation of α’ phase.

The test results indicate an increasing trend in the strength of microspheres with decreasing grain class size.

Upon examining Figure 9 , it can be observed that both the UCS and the EM of rock specimens exhibit an increasing trend with decreasing temperature.

The welding regime with a welding current intensity of 700 A showed a hardness distribution on the y axis with a decreasing trend from zone 1 to zone 3.

All curves have a similar shape with an increasing trend.

The ductility exhibited an increasing trend with Cr content, but the strength dropped dramatically when the Cr content reached 0.3 wt.%.

At 650 °C ( Figure 11 a), it is evident that all five materials exhibit an increasing trend in their kinetics.

An increasing trend in tensile strength was observed with increased bulk density (σ t = 0.0027697·ρ − 4.5892, r = 0.60).

(2) Effect of CAS on CRCA apparent density As shown in Figure 4 , under completely dry conditions, Δ ρ a showed an increasing trend and then decreased with increasing CAS, and the RCAs with a CAS of 10–20 mm and an OCS of C40 had the largest Δ ρ a after carbonation, 3.95%, which was the most significant improvement.

The water absorption of CRCAs with an OCS of C30 decreased with the increase in CAS, while the water absorption of CRCAs with OCSs of C40 and C50 showed a decreasing trend and then increased with the increase in CAS.

The Δ W a of CRCAs with a CAS of 20–25 mm showed a trend to decrease and then increase with the increase in OCS, and the CRCA with an OCS of C50 had the largest Δ W a , 23.38%.

In CFA fly ash mixtures, the amorphous C-S-H generally showed an increasing trend with a rising fly ash replacement rate.