Excerpts

Akkermansia and Bifidobacterium were also considered to be associated with prebiotic consumption and they were reported to show a decreasing trend under the influence of HFD [ 162 , 238 ].

This study also showed HBsAg had a decreasing trend with time but did not reach statistical significance.

Meta-analyses revealed no significant impact of the home visit platform, compared to usual care, on < 5 stunting (OR: 2.12; 95% CI: 0.46, 9.74; n = 3) and a nearly significant 7% decrease in the likelihood of < 5 underweight (OR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.82, 1.06; n = 4). 3.3.

The prevalence of overweight/obesity was lowest in those who were foreign-born and had been in the US for less than 1 year compared to the US-born (overweight or more: 23% vs 31.8%, obesity: 8.2% vs 16.9%, severe obesity: 2.9% vs 5.9%), with an increasing trend in foreign-born children who lived in US for more than 1 year (overweight or more: adjOR 1.38 (95% CI: 0.85–2.24), obesity: adjOR 1.80 (95% CI: 0.82–3.96), severe obesity: adjOR 1.36 (95% CI: 0.25–7.30)), suggesting that foreign-born children and adolescents are susceptible to the obesogenic environment of the USA with unhealthy dietary habits (high energy, sugar, and fat intake).

There was an overall trend for increasing fruit consumption to be associated with lower prevalence of sarcopenia but this was largely driven by the trend among females ( Figure 1 ).

Adherence to the recommendation on red and processed meat was significantly inversely associated with breast cancer in the analyses adjusted for age, centre, and education, while results were marginally significant in fully adjusted analyses.

Other studies found non-significant or borderline significant inverse associations [ 21 , 39 ] or null associations with dietary WCRF/AICR scores [ 8 , 20 ].

In developing organisms, growth hormone may play an important role in inducing insulin resistance under fasting stress conditions, which may be significant for the defense against hypoglycemia [ 146 ].

However, the combination of Saccharomyces boulardii , Lactobacillus , and VSL#3 showed a trend for efficiency.

The differences between the Robuvit and placebo group in general health, social functioning and mental health indicated a highly significant improvement of mental and physical well-being by Robuvit supplementation.

Women who exclusively breastfed for 180 days had a marginally significant lower PWR mean of 1.84 kg (95% CI = 1.77–1.90) compared to women who did so for 150 days (1.98 kg, 95% CI = 1.92–2.03).

Because highly significant differences were observed in energy and macronutrient intake between the first and second nightshifts, all nurses were also analysed as a combined group (as “All 2-Night Group”) for differences in these variables.

The difference was borderline significant for distal radius total BMD shown as Z-score (index controlled for sex and age) and significant for diaphyseal radius cortical BMD.

The FOS effects were clearly positive in increasing the content of both Bifidobacterium and Lactobacilli, while for AOS there was a positive trend, but the evidence was not so strong.

A higher percentage of C1 children had their own mobile phone compared to children in C2 and C3, with a highly significant difference.

This is a worrying trend, particularly since young children will only have increased risk of overweight or obesity as they grow up.

coli O157 in the CK group, and only 8.63% ± 6.87% in the FL group, so a highly significant difference can be seen with the MC group, which demonstrates that intake of 2’-FL greatly reduced E. coli O157 colonization in the ileum.

As for cardiovascular parameters, CAVI significantly differed among the four groups in pre-/perimenopausal women and exhibited a decreasing trend.

Similarly, a cohort study reported a borderline significant association between dietary lutein intake and HPV persistence [ 46 ].

Although borderline significant, our results suggest that negative attitudes towards academic achievements and disapproval by friends may play a role.

identified the highly significant effect of the antioxidant component of BEO-NVF on LOX-1 expression and ROS generation in a model of rat carotid artery injury [ 111 ].

For MPOD, although approximately 60% of subjects showed a trend toward an increase, there was no significant increase on average in MPOD level in the PV group, even at week 24.

Participants receiving Tocovid illustrated highly significant improvement in terms of nerve conduction velocities for all nerves tested after eight weeks of supplementation.

No significant effect of the supplementation on salivary metanephrine itself was observed; however, it was close to significance level.

Intention to treat analyses comparing changes in the three groups showed a significant reduction in body fat percent (−1.31% (−2.40; −0.23)) and a borderline significant reduction in total plasma cholesterol (−0.25 mmol/L (−0.51; 0.01) and plasma renin (−0.19 pmol/L (−0.39; 0.00) in group A compared to the control group.