Excerpts

Despite the fact that few within experiment comparisons resulted in significant effects of p CO 2 , patterns in carbon removal and bacterioplankton growth dynamics were consistent across all experiments and locations, and are highly significant: cell-specific TOC removal ( Fig 4 ) and bacterioplankton carbon demand ( Fig 5 ) were consistently enhanced at elevated p CO 2 (p-value = 0.0003, Fisher’s sign test; p-value < 0.0001, t-test, respectively), while bacterioplankton growth efficiency ( Fig 6 ) was significantly reduced at elevated p CO 2 (p-value = 0.0003, Fisher’s sign test).

Table 3 provides the ANCOVA p-value for composite scores, showing that the coefficient for treatment, adjusted for pre-treatment scores, is highly significant ( P = 0.0003).

A highly significant correlation between in vitro HIV suppressive activity and pVL was observed (Spearman r = -0.7345, p = 0.0003).

We found that when considering fighting and chasing matrices separately or when considering all aggressive acts together that all hierarchies had highly significant steepness (p<0.0003; Table 1 ) For each behavior matrix, we also calculated individual measures of dominance—David's Scores and the I&SI rank order of individuals (see Methods ).

Surprisingly, we noted a considerable reduction in calcification: Ca5 sHAoSMC exhibited a highly significant 60% reduction (24.1%, 95%CI 16.5–31.8%, p = 0.0003) in calcification compared to unstrained Ca5 cells.

Overall, we obtained a strong and highly significant (r = 0. 76, p = 0.0003) covariation between the number of mutations at non-CpG per unit sequence and the number of mutations at CpG per available CpG ( S1 Fig ), showing that the scaling-up of the substitution rate at CpG's is of similar magnitude across bins.

However, the OR associated with INSTI use is highly significant [7.67 (2.54–23.2), p = 0.0003] and a larger population would have most probably affected the CI95% of the OR but not the direction of the association even if we cannot definitively rule-out the possibility of an allocation bias secondary to a small selected subgroup of patients receiving raltegravir.

We sought replication in independent samples for this marker and found highly significant association ( p = 0.0003) in 3 Caucasian replication samples.

The relationship between STX1A and PC1 remains highly significant (one-tailed Pearson correlation, n = 62, p = 0.0003).

vivax attacks shows a highly significant positive correlation with maximum or overall P. falciparum parasitemia (R = 0.12 and 0.05, p = 0.0003 and 0.005 respectively) but negligible or no significance with P. vivax parasite density phenotypes (Maximum: R = 0.1 p = 0.02, not significant after Bonferroni's correction and overall: R = 0.07 p = 0.25), (iii) Maximum P. falciparum density shows a positive correlation with maximum P. vivax density (R = 0.22, p = 0.0002).

Evidence for recombination was supported by highly significant PHI test values ( P = 3.17E−4; Fig. 2 ).

The women proportion difference between virtual editions and recent in-person editions was highly significant (in-person proportion: 40%, virtual proportion : 48%, p-value = 3.4 × 10–4) suggesting that virtual conferences might increase women attendance.

There was a highly significant within-family association between red/blue coat colour and deafness (p = 0.00036), with red coat colour segregating more frequently with deafness (COR = 0.48).

A moderate association was detected between rs3825214 and AF ( P adj = 0.036, OR = 0.79) and a highly significant association was detected between the G allele of rs3825214 and lone AF ( P adj = 0.001, OR = 0.65; genotypic P = 3.75×10 −4 with a dominant model).

The DRD2 (Dopamine receptor D2)-variant (rs6277) was highly significant where the C-allele displayed a protective effect towards overweight development (OR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.69–0.90, P = 3.9x10 -4 , adj.

The sexual difference was highly significant (P=0.0004, by one-way ANOVA).

This finding was not anticipated prior to the study, and the difference between the HFA and control groups was highly significant ( p <0.0004).

A meta-analysis in 2002, which used data from 18 trials and 2074 patients, indicated a highly significant reduction in the risk of death with NACT (HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.53–0.80, P = 0.0004) [ 14 ].

The F2/F3 amplitude ratio showed a trend having a maximum at an intermediate distance along the recording transect (χ2 = 12.7, df = 1, p = 0.0004; F2/F3 dB = 5.05+0.03493*dist-0.00004*dist2).

For generosity we found highly significant correlations with total T (r = −0.25, two-tailed t test, N = 200 for this and subsequent tests, p = 0.0004), free T (r = −0.1908, p = 0.0068), and DHT (r = −0.3063, p = 0.0001); see Fig. 4A .

There was a highly significant correlation (p = 0.0004) between M. tuberculosis presence in the larvae and the absence of treatment ( Figure S2 ).

This increase was highly significant ( p = 0.0004, Fisher's exact test) ( Table 1 ).

The differences of most within-litter variances between these two developmental stages were highly significant in all experimental groups (p<0.0004, Data S1 ).

2–6 d old (= pooled 2–3 d old and 4–6 d old nestlings) and 7–9 d old nestlings, still showed highly significant differences between these two groups of nestlings (MANOVA, in each case P ≤ 0.0004; for Age, df = 3 and 87.0; and for Brood identity(Age), df = 3 and 256.04).

However, since significant terms were highly significant ( p <0.0004 in all cases) and non-significant terms were highly non-significant ( p >0.1259 in all cases), there is no ambiguity in the results.