Excerpts

Kaplan–Meier ‘survival analysis’ applied to freedom-from-tumors, followed by a stratified log-rank test for equality of survivor function showed a highly significant difference between the Keap1 flox/flox /Nrf2 +/+ and Keap1 flox/flox /Nrf2 −/− groups (χ 2 = 14.5; p < 0.0001).

Both main effects were also highly significant for Group: F(2, 228) = 52.02, p < 0.0001 (22.84% of variation) and Tissue region: F(2, 228) = 49.99, p < 0.0001 (21.95% of variation).

All inter-device correlations elicited a highly significant correlation with r-values of 0.72–0.86 (all p < 0.0001, Table 2 , Supplemental Figure S4).

Genotyping of the G119S Ace- 1 target site mutation detected a highly significant association ( p < 0.0001; OR = 25) between resistance and Ace 1-119S.

Effects of treatments on yield and yield components Nutrient treatments had a very highly significant effect on wheat grain yield and thousand-seed weight (p < 0.0001).

This analysis reproduced the highly significant effect of synchrony (F 1,145.96 = 34.9, p < 0.0001) already found in the 2 × 2 type B model.

The current model used for crystal violet removal by Mo/ZnO-NPs was highly significant, as evidenced by its P -value < 0.0001 and F -value of 201.01.

In sharp contrast, the Post-booster (7 days) group exhibited a dramatic elevation in Tfh cell percentage relative to the other three groups, with the difference reaching extremely significant statistical levels ( P < 0.0001, Fig. 6 C).

Statistically significant results were found to have a P value < 0.01 is statistically significant, a P value < 0.001 highly significant, a P value < 0.0001 strongly significant 105 .

The spine density per 100 μm of dendrite was 30.7 ± 3.7, compared to corresponding values of 15.9 ± 5.1 for the GRPR cells 18 , and this difference was highly significant ( P < 0.0001; t-test; Fig. 8 e).

Moreover, when plastic particles used in toxicity testing were classified into 4 size classes, the effect of particle size on toxicity was highly significant (ANOVA, p < 0.0001), and the dependence of safe concentration (HC 5 ) on particle size was even more remarkable, with a slope b = 1.21 according to the equation: \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\log \;{\text{HC}}_{5} = 1.21\;\log \;{\text{S}}{-}2.10$$\end{document} log HC 5 = 1.21 log S - 2.10 where S is the mean particle size (μm) for each size class (r 2 = 0.92, n = 4).

Statistical significance of the scavenging and inhibitory activities was assessed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) across all concentrations and treatment groups followed by Tukey’s Honest Significant Difference (HSD) post-hoc test for multiple comparisons using GraphPad Prism V.11.0.0.The ANOVA results revealed highly significant differences among all treatment groups ( p < 0.0001), with F-values substantially exceeding the corresponding critical F-value, indicating strong evidence against the null hypothesis Table (S 1,2).

Statistical analysis confirmed that all intergroup differences were highly significant ( p < 0.0001), indicating that variations in formulation composition and network density were effectively translated into distinct swelling behaviors.

Beta diversity analysis reveals a highly significant difference in community membership between the breast and skin tissue microbiota, as indicated by unweighted UniFrac analysis (MiRKAT P < 1e-4, Fig. 2E ), but the difference is not significant in weighted analysis (MiRKAT P = 0.14, Fig. 2F ), indicating that the major difference lies in the rare or less abundant lineages 22 .

The results revealed a highly significant positive correlation ( p < 0.0001) between total phenolic and flavonoid content and antioxidant capacity, analyzed by three different tests (DPPH, ABTS and FRAP).

Statistical comparison between days 40 and 120 was highly significant (p < 0.0001).

Stimulation of myoblasts with rIL-15 (25 ng/mL) induced a small (1.3-fold) but highly significant (p < 0.0001) increase in the expression of myomaker, a cell membrane protein that is essential for myoblast fusion (Fig. 1e ).

At higher concentrations (12.5–50 μg/mL), the extract exhibited pronounced inhibitory activity, with highly significant reductions in biofilm biomass compared to the control group (*** p < 0.0001).

The regression model was highly significant as indicated by its P value (P < 0.0001); the P value indicated that the regression model had a high degree of fit.

Viral DNA load of NS1 correlated significantly with VP1/2-DNA load (p = 0.0148; Pearson r = 0.1228; r 2 = 0.01509) and furthermore correlation of NS1- to VP1/2-RNA loads was highly significant (p ≤ 0.0001; Pearson r = 0.8817; r 2 = 0.7775).

Although there was no significant difference between the strains in the accumulation of mitochondrial point mutations in untreated cultures, upon irradiation, even at the lowest UV dose of 5 J/m 2 pol30-K164R cultures exhibited a highly significant ( p < 0.0001) increase of mitochondrial point mutations in relation to their POL30 + counterparts at the same dose (Fig. 3 c).

Among them, G exhibited an extremely significant effect on the angle of repose ( p < 0.0001), whereas F and J showed significant effects ( p = 0.0279 and 0.0155, respectively).

A highly significant negative correlation was found between each of the miRNAs 27b, 130b, and 138 on one side, and PPARγ expression levels on the other side (Spearman r = −0.6085, P < 0.0001, r = −0.6290, P < 0.0001, and r = −0.2831, P = 0.0021, respectively).

This was confirmed by the p values of the chi-square for the log-rank test that was not significant for the MAI (p = 0.3042), close to significance for MED (p = 0.0651), and highly significant for FA2 and PC2 (both, p < 0.0001).

Statistical analysis confirmed that the blue shifts in water absorption as temperature increased from 25 to 60 °C were highly significant ( P < 0.0001).