Excerpts

The inclusion of dropout intention as an outcome is also practically significant.

The husk litter showed a net enrichment during the entire decomposition period, but the rate showed a trend of rising–falling–rising, with a maximum residual rate of 289.71% and a minimum of 167.09%.

The time series of premature mortality showed an increasing trend from 2010 to 2022, with a sharp increase in 2020 and 2021, coinciding with the COVID-19 pandemic.

Interestingly, rearing sheep appeared to be protective against giardiasis in this dataset (p = 0.05), although the association was only marginally significant.

However, electrical efficiency (η tpv ), thermal efficiency (η th ), and overall energy efficiency (η PVT ) exhibit a decreasing trend due to elevated operating temperatures and increased heat losses.

From 8:00 to approximately 13:00, T f exhibits an increasing trend due to rising solar irradiance.

The differences in minimum and maximum number of adults oriented towards different pulses after 24, 48 and 72 h of release were highly significant.

Furthermore, a correlation analysis between the DF and mass loss ratio revealed a clear trend: specimens with lower mass loss tended to exhibit higher durability factors.

While the plain specimen showed a decrease in modulus over time, likely due to accumulated microcracks, the biochar-containing specimens demonstrated an increasing trend.

Both genders show an increasing trend in occupying the hyperprolific sector, although this trend is more evident among male researchers.

West Pacific High variables having highly significant correlations across all the regions suggests the importance of Pacific driven atmospheric–oceanic coupling.

Generally, the most present symptoms before service utilisation remained the most present after service utilisation and three months later, though with a decreasing trend in presence.

Instead, with increasing wind speed, the impurity mass distribution shifted backward and showed a decreasing trend.

A drift alert is triggered when performance degradation exceeds a predefined threshold , representing a practically significant performance degradation warranting model retraining or adaptation.

The p -values ≤ 0.05 indicate a significant correlation, and those ≤ 0.01 mean a highly significant correlation.

In addition, the generated binaries showed a trend of increasing instructions per function as the call depth increased or when mutation was applied.

The data reveal a clear trend: CPU temperature decreases with both increasing MWCNT content and decreasing TIM thickness.

Another study observed a highly significant variation in the phenolic content among the studied plants of N. glauca from different habitats 13 .

The expression of Prdm16 showed an increasing trend but did not reach statistical significance.

These recent advances highlight a clear trend toward multi-strategy, adaptive optimization frameworks that dynamically coordinate exploration, exploitation, and local refinement—motivating the design of MHHO as a unified and internally consistent enhancement of the Harris Hawks Optimization paradigm.

retroflexus leaves showed an increasing trend with higher extract concentrations in the formulation.

Similar to previous studies, attitude exhibits a positive and highly significant correlation with the intention to purchase NEVs, which has been proven by PLS-SEM and fsQCA.

The ANOVA and fit statistics indicate that the RSM is highly significant and well-fitted to the data in the design space.

Affected by the GCC, changes in meteorological elements in the XLDR area led to an increasing trend in WT at the surface, middle, and bottom layers in front of the XLDR dam.

GCC led to variations in precipitation patterns across the YRB, with increased extreme rainfall events and a decreasing trend in runoff during specific periods 34 .