Excerpts

Though there was a slight trend for α-synuclein to decrease in patients with Parkinson’s disease compared to controls ,we showed total salivary α-synuclein levels would not suffice as a single biomarker for diagnosis.

Sample size in the present study was still limited, especially for some stratifications, therefore, some polymorphisms with mildly significant effects might not be detected.

P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant and marked as *P < 0.01 was considered to be statistically highly significant and marked as**.

Importantly, the core sets originating from CpGs associated with pubertal age and reproductive hormones, respectively, showed a highly significant overlap (p-value: < 0.0001; Fig. 2c ). 52 CpGs showed association to both reproductive hormones and pubertal age ( Supplementary Table 6 ) and included 5 (10%) and 6 (12%) CpGs in the proximity of the genes TRIP6 and KCNAB3 , respectively.

The predictive statistical model was able to generate a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve with an area under the curve of 0.8734 which is considered to be extremely significant.

Values with P < 0.05 were considered statistically significant, and values with P < 0.01 were considered extremely significant.

Fitting of our measured efficiency data to this equation with actual distances (R) between Nluc and mCherry in our series of linker fusion proteins produced a highly significant correlation of 0.9995 ( Fig. 1c ).

However, within each of the three decades, the increasing rate of NPP showed a decreasing trend of 20.8% per decade.

Our results showed an increasing trend for NPP at the rate of 0.076 g C m −2 a −1 from 1981–2012 (about 7.9% from 1982 to 1999), which was greater than the global rate (about 6% from 1982 to 1999) 8 .

When plotting the standard deviation versus the rank of the mean, an ideal method would produce a parallel line to the x-axis where some random fluctuations might exist but without exhibiting an overall trend.

An increasing trend of the amount of surface nitrogen in NS ranging from 0% to 100% PLGA-GA revealed by the x-ray photon spectra (XPS) indicated the surface expression of EDA, and hence the localization of GA on NS surface ( Fig. 1f ).

This difference remained highly significant after adjustment for covariates by Cox regression analyses.

Polygenetic analysis also showed a decreasing trend in the diversity of the C subgenome than that of the A subgenome ( Table 3 ).

1 ) reveals an increasing trend of humidity in the middle and late Miocene time 30 .

pmc-status-qastatus 0 pmc-status-live yes pmc-status-embargo no pmc-status-released yes pmc-prop-open-access yes pmc-prop-olf no pmc-prop-manuscript no pmc-prop-legally-suppressed no pmc-prop-has-pdf yes pmc-prop-has-supplement yes pmc-prop-pdf-only no pmc-prop-suppress-copyright no pmc-prop-is-real-version no pmc-prop-is-scanned-article no pmc-prop-preprint no pmc-prop-in-epmc yes pmc-license-ref CC BY The incidence of stroke in China is higher than in other parts of the world, and there is an increasing trend for ischemic stroke 1 2 .

Additionally, a highly significant interaction was seen in the thalamus at the location of the right medial geniculate nucleus (MGN; see Figure S2D ), potentially suggesting some effect of FC plasticity.

However, this interval is also characterized by an overall trend towards greater C 3 plant abundance and a decrease in the sensitivity of vegetation to changes in precipitation.

At the same time, there may be significant trade-offs associated with high tree cover within various specific land use types, farming systems, or with changing climatic conditions e.g. concerning productivity, food security or hydrologic balances 6 8 .

On the other hand, the ensemble mean in NAT showed a positive trend, indicating that the observed negative trend may not be explained without considering anthropogenic forcing.

The area-weighted average of global mass changes in observations and the ALL experiment showed a negative trend, in particular after the 1980s ( Fig. 3 ).

There is a roughly symmetric distribution on the QTL effects caused by the japonica and indica alleles with a slight trend towards the Lemont ( japonica ) allele having a positive effect ( Fig. 2 ).

The interannual evolution of the spatially averaged EP shows a decreasing trend of 0.0055 m 2 s −1 dec −1 which represents a decrement on the order of 2.5% of the mean EP intensity over the whole period of time ( Fig. 5b ).

The treatment also showed a trend to increase bile acid, aspartate aminotransferase, and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase and decrease alkaline phosphatase, although there was no statistical difference.

There was a significant trend towards increased HHF risk associated with increased sitagliptin dose ( p for trend < 0.01).

Fast-spiking neurons showed a trend toward reduced firing rates in FMR-KO rats relative to wild-type following visual stimulation, though the low-incidence of this neural population and their large variability, particularly in FMR-KO rats, means that more targeted methods are required to fully elucidate their regulation by FMRP.