Excerpts

The most prominent genes were ATP1B2 , MPDU1 and AURKB , showing highly significant differential expression (FDR < 0.0001) between the LR and the HR group.

In summary, these data show an overall trend: the more stressed the location along the filament, the strongest the signal of alginate immunostaining.

Consistent with this, patients with high SUVmax also showed a trend towards higher tumour expression of PD-L1, although this association was not statistically significant.

The documented rise and spread of resistance to currently-used insecticides in the major malaria mosquito vectors therefore presents a worrying trend that may negatively impact malaria control programmes 2 – 4 .

The Jonckheere-Terpstra trend test was used to test an increasing trend of DNA methylation levels according to cancer risk levels.

A meta-analysis of these data and 5 other data sets showed a highly significant association with CRC risk (OR = 1.50; 95% CI 1.34, 1.66; Pmeta < 10 −10 ; 6640 cases and 8645 controls 5 – 8 .

There might be significant discordance at the level of alignment and even the specific lists of DE genes, but if they result in the same pathway enrichment results then it is likely the same conclusions will be drawn from each analysis; and indeed, this is what was observed in this study.

We hypothesized that airflow limitation severity and blood eosinophil level may be significant factors associated with treatment outcomes in patients with COPD and PMV.

Also, the lowest point of current density (log i) curve shows a decreasing trend with subsequent layers indicating decreasing value of current.

However, we found a clear trend towards reduced virulence of the HA isolate, as one would expect in chronic, persistent infections 48 .

In more detail, for the arithmetic task significant increased activity was revealed for in Channel 7: t (36) = 3.59, p < 0.001, d = 1.18, Channel 16: t (36) = 3.03, p = 0.004, d = 0.99, Channel 17: t (36) = 3.02, p = 0.005, d = 0.99, Channel 21: t (36) = 3.26, p = 0.002, d = 1.07 and Channel 22: t (36) = 3.21, p = 0.003, d = 1.06 and for the hand immersion task Channel 13: t (36) = −1.98, p = 0.055, d = 0.65 showed decreased activity for the MAST compared to control group which was marginally significant, but with a medium effect size.

HF fed mice implanted with ( R )-DOI osmotic minipumps showed a trend for a very slight decrease in weight, but this was not significant (Fig. 2 ).

As shown in Table 3 , all four genes showed an increase in expression in both microarray and real time PCR, and in both cases, up-regulation was highly significant as compared to untreated control cells.

This analysis revealed highly significant correlations for genes involved in the cell cycle and DNA repair (Table 1 ).

The loss of Lactobacillus in the SPF pigs may be significant, as it is considered as a beneficial genus for pig gut health 40 .

Together these observations indicate an overall trend towards the reduction of post-TBI inflammation and increased regeneration.

There was no significant correlation between the activity of larvae under dark intervals and the size of the swim bladder, although for day 5 there was a slight trend towards fish with smaller swim bladders moving more (Fig. 5i ), with a similar trend also seen at 6 dpf for spontaneous movement and light intervals (Supp.

“Cell adhesion” was the only GO term overrepresented within the significant genes in the Heat + LPS treatment, but this association was highly significant (q-value = 0.005; Supplementary Dataset S3 ).

PCA analysis showed a trend of inter-group separation between the non-rejection group and Grades 2 R and 3 R (Fig. 1A,B ).

This SERCA2a-related protein may be significant in the pathophysiology of human ischemic and dilated heart disease with a preservative role in maintaining myocardial homeostasis.

These moderate but highly significant reductions in gene expression, when combined, likely account for the ciliogenic and Hh defects of Nfe2l2 −/− cells.

We compared the distribution of the sample-specific edge-weights between the mild and severe groups and identified six edges which were nominally significant with a p -value less than 0.05: gPC1 with cPC2, gPC8 with cPC8 and cPC4, gPC3 with cPC10, gPC13 with cPC9, and gPC12 with cPC1 (Fig. 4B ).

For the other periods and meteorological variables, correlations between the ratio of reproductive females, temperature and rainfall, although statistically highly significant, appeared complex, often time-lagged, and hard to interpret unequivocally (Tables 4 and 5 ).

Additionally, the variation trend of scPDSI is divided into four types: extremely significant increase, significant increase, significant decrease, and extremely significant decrease.

The results showed that the global grassland scPDSI value had a slightly increasing trend with the rate of 0.0119 per year (R 2 = 0.195), indicating that the global grassland drought lighter to some extent during study period.