Excerpts

Kruskal-Wallis tests revealed a highly significant increase in CNVs in these epithelial tissues compared with the B cells (P<2.2×10 −16 ), indicating that they could be considered tumor cells.

Figure 8 shows a highly significant inverse relationship between the developmental rank of a gene and its overexpression frequency ( p < 2.2e-16).

Thus, because there are three possible replacement nucleotides per site, WC sites are ∼66% saturated and nWC sites are ∼90% saturated, and this difference is highly significant ( p <2.20×10 −16 , Binomial test; see Materials and Methods for details).

We calculated an odds ratio for this value using a Fisher's exact test and found this association to be highly significant (odds ratio=3.02; P <2.2×10 −16 ).

Correlation between tests was highly significant for both tissue types, but stronger for leaf tissue (p <2.2 × 10 −16 ; r = 0.83) than cotyledons (p <2.2 × 10 −16 ; r = 0.72).

A comparison of frequencies with Pearson's chi-squared analysis showed a highly significant increase of negative probes in the immune group ( p < 2.2e − 16).

Interestingly, we have observed a much higher number of negatively correlated mRNAs than positively correlated ones with the medians of 430 and 1,022 for the positively and negatively co-expressed transcripts respectively, and the trend towards negative correlation was highly significant ( p value <2.2E16, Wilcoxon signed rank test) (Fig. 2 e, Additional file 1 : Supplemental Table S4).

The correlation between HGS and NBIGS in EVTs was highly significant ( Figure 6 B; SDQ 3 rho = 0.54 p < 2.2e-16; Table S6 ).

The sequencing data showed highly significant expression correlation with the array data ( R = 0.88, p < 2.2 × 10 −16 ) for 101 genes whose expression was significantly altered in KO mouse (Table S3 and Figure S8 ).

The overall model was highly significant [ F (7, 3,992) = 371.3, p < 2.2 × 10 –16 ] and accounted for approximately 39% of the variance in log-transformed cattle infections.

The Spearman’s correlation coefficients (ρ) between the positions of the markers on linkage map and physical map were positive (0.996-to-0.999) and highly significant (p-value < 2.2e -16 ), with an average of 0.999 ( Supplementary Table 5 ).

The correlation coefficients were highly significant in each case (PrEC: r = 0.80, p < 2.2e−16; LNCaP: r = 0.91, p < 2.2e−16; NPF: r = 0.84, p < 2.2e−16; CAF: r = 0.95, p < 2.2e−16), but not completely concordant with WGBS data (Additional file 5 : Figure S4A).

The test revealed a highly significant enrichment of immune-related genes among the predicted candidates (p < 2.2e-16), with an estimated odds ratio of 48.6 (95% confidence interval: 31.6–78.3), indicating that immune genes were substantially overrepresented in the iM candidate list compared to housekeeping genes. 3.2 Validation of candidates To evaluate the iM-candidates, data from the GSE227616 dataset were compared with the identified candidates.

Notably, when compared with null conditions, H3K9Ac levels showed highly significant, positive associations (right shifts) with HbA 1c levels at all time periods ( P < 2.2E-16, Kolmogorov - Smirnov two-sided test).

DNA methylation at 84.7% of these sites was significantly associated with at least one common genetic variant using a stringent mQTL threshold (P < 1x10 -8 ) ( S2 Table ); this represented a highly significant enrichment for mQTL effects (P < 2.2x10 -16 ) compared to less-heritable DNA methylation sites (defined as those with A < 0.8), amongst which only 24.5% were associated with a mQTL variant.

Using an extended unfiltered set of open regions as background for Fisher’s exact test, both overlaps were found to be highly significant ( p value < 2.2e−16), with a slightly higher odds ratio for the modified protocol (13.15 vs. 10.75).

Visually, H3K4me2 also seemed to be lost at this region, but the major site of enrichment, at the spacer promoter, was unaffected, and the locus-wide correlation remained robust and highly significant (mESC vs. mNPC: R 2 = 0.87, P <2.2 × 10 −16 ).

At the nucleotide level, the nonrandom distribution among these genomic categories is highly significant ( P < 2.2 × 10 − 16 in a χ 2 test for independence).

Their overlap of 306 genes is highly significant (Fisher’s exact test p-value < 2.2e-16).

all clusters, and highly significant p-values for both directions (lesser and greater, p-value < 2.2e-16) are recorded.

Additionally, we found 1753 highly significant H2A.Z peaks that were dependent on nrp1-1 nrp2-2 ( p -value < 2.2e-16) (Fig. 3c ).

A Wilcoxon rank sum test indicated a highly significant difference in fitness variation ( W = 3.2 × 10 8 and P < 2.2 × 10 −16 ), supported by Welch’s t test, which showed a lower mean absolute fitness difference for closely related homologs compared to distantly related homologs ( t = −63.5, df = 7,020, and P < 2.2 × 10 −16 ; table S9).

We report a highly significant positive correlation between the exon length and number of homologous exons (Figure 4 , Kendall’s τ = 0.133, p-value < 2.2e-16) suggesting that isolate/species-specific genes tend to be shorter.

Supporting this hypothesis, a comparison of the mean coverage of the nuwt regions to that of the non-nuwt regions showed a small but highly significant difference between them (Wilcoxon rank sum test with continuity correction, p < 2.2×10 -16 for all 13 samples).

However, these correlations were still highly significant ( P values < 2.2e-16 in both Pearson and Spearman correlation tests).