“a decreasing trend”

We found a decreasing trend of tobacco smoking and an increasing trend of smokeless tobacco use over the 10-year period.

In recent years, the age of puberty onset has shown a decreasing trend, and puberty is related to subsequent health outcomes such as breast cancer, diabetes, and behavioral disorders [ 1 ].

If there is a decreasing trend for RP in Pca and if the possible phenomenon could be explained by aging changes, medical and healthcare funding can be distributed appropriately, and other treatments, such as watchful waiting, active surveillance, radiation therapy, and hormone therapy, should be considered.

The early recovery group showed a decreasing trend of Th2/Th1 values with 2.51 ± 0.46, 1.11 ± 0.22 and 0.78 ± 0.19 while those in late recovery group were 0.95 ± 0.28, 2.39 ± 0.46 and 0.96 ± 0.31 and those in the non-recovery group were 1.26 ± 0.27, 2.33 ± 0.41 and 3.52 ± 0.76 on D0, D3 and D7, respectively (Fig. 5 b).

The relative abundances of nifH OTUs in cluster 1 showed a decreasing trend with soil depth (23.9%, 41.8%, 31.5%, and 2.7% sequences in the 4 layers), while cluster 2 increased with depth (0.7%, 9.1%, 32.2%, and 58.0% sequences in the 4 layers).

National data from the NRMP show a decreasing trend from 2014 to 2017, 1 , 5 , 6 and there was a statistically significant difference between UMSOM and national outcomes ( P ≤ .001) (Figure 1 ).

Caudal to C3-C4, Q ( t ) had a decreasing trend in magnitude moving down the spine.

During this study, with the advancement of storage in cowpea fruit, a decreasing trend on aspects of chlorophyll content and Vc took place in each group similarly (Figures 3 and 4 ).

With the extension of the ice water pretreatment time, the evaluation scores assigned to the texture, smell, and color indexes of Pacific White Shrimps exhibited a decreasing trend.

Consequently, the oxygen saturation exhibited a decreasing trend.

The limited number of studies available in literature on this topic seem to suggest a decreasing trend in attachment with increasing surface stiffness.

The serum level of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) showed a decreasing trend and was lowest in the AVR-25 + imipenem treated group when compared to CLP group.

A consistent explanation for the increasing correlation of the MJO amplitude with the QBO since ~1960 is an increasing trend of the MJO amplitude during QBOE, and possibly a decreasing trend in MJO amplitude during QBOW.

2 , the leaf RWC of ND212 and LX99 showed a decreasing trend with the extension of drought stress time.

Although SOD2 expression is statistically at the same level in normal and pathological tissue, the data suggest a decreasing trend in the expression correlating to progression of tumorigenesis.

The number of enucleations per year showed a decreasing trend over the 12-year period ( Figure 4 ).

Analysis carried out on the 32nd day showed a decreasing trend in photosynthetic rate; here, the highest rate was observed for G_S plants with this treatment showing the smallest decrease between the 18th and 32nd day of sampling (18%).

A decreasing trend in the mortality rate (2005–2014) for all-stage breast cancer but a stable trend for metastatic breast cancer were observed.

Another ciliate, Coleps hirtus , also contributed to the biomass, but with a decreasing trend.

LOX , HPL, and ADH showed, in fact, an increased expression from T1 ctrl to T1 + 5 ctrl , while AAT , involved in the production of ester, showed a decreasing trend (Supplementary Fig.

Because the dielectric polarization failed to approach the alternating EM field in the high-frequency range, the values of the real part of the permittivity show a decreasing trend upon increasing the frequency within 2–18 GHz, generally.

However, the LN group showed a decreasing trend throughout the culture period.

The report also demonstrates a decreasing trend of aflatoxin levels with P. anomala treatments, and two applications of P. anomala at the silk stage of corn resulted in a significant reduction in aflatoxin accumulation ( p < 0.05).

Although a decreasing trend is found, it is not linear and the experimentally found SBH values do not match with the prediction of the Schottky–Mott rule.

Similarly, stands on north-facing slopes stored significantly greater amount of AGC ( p = 0.002) than stands on south-facing slopes, following a decreasing trend from NE (124.8 Mg C ha −1 ) > NW (100.9 Mg C ha −1 ) > SE (75.3 Mg C ha −1 ) > SW (57.62 Mg C ha −1 ) ( Table 2 ).