Excerpts

Significance was defined as p < 0.05, and a trend toward significance was defined as 0.05 ≤ p ≤ 0.10.

A value of 0.05 ≤ p < 0.1 was considered to indicate a statistical trend, whereas p ≥ 0.1 was considered not significant. 3.

Birds at medium-sized waterholes showed a trend for longer interscan intervals as compared to birds at small waterholes (GLM parameter estimates Wald Chi 2 : n = 497, Chi 2 = 2.655, p = 0.103 ( p = 0.063 with bootstrapping)), whereas no significant differences were found between birds at large and small waterholes Chi 2 = 0.506, p = 0.477; Figure 3 ).

Post-milking teat dipping approached significance (Mann–Whitney U, p = 0.104), with teat-dipping farms showing a trend toward lower SCC (median 786 vs. 1013 × 10 3 cells/mL).

denticulata showed a negative trend (r = −0.7035, p = 0.1070).

ANOSIM analysis did not show statistical differences due to treatments when considering all phases ( p = 0.167), although a slight trend ( p = 0.108) was found at fattening age ( Figure 2 ).

However, the percentage of piglets weighing less than 1000 g in the treatment 2 group (11.1%) showed a trend towards being lower compared to the control (15.0%, p = 0.111) and treatment 1 (15.2%, p = 0.063) groups ( Table 1 ).

At day 5 there was a only a numerical trend for horses in treatment 1 to have a higher plasma AA ( P < 0.12) than the other two groups, which then decreased ( P < 0.05) two days after supplementation in that group was stopped (day 7).

No significant changes were detected in TNF-α, except a numerical trend with ZnO to decrease at day 4 PI ( p = 0.124). 3.6.

However, there was a decreasing trend of WGR in the MBP12 group in comparison with that of the MBP0 group ( p = 0.14). 3.2.

171 days, p = 0.045; Figure 3 B), while only a statistical trend was observed for OS (150 vs. 202 days, p = 0.15; Figure 3 A).

Moreover, this study found a decreasing trend in the concentration of lactate ( p = 0.16) and threonine ( p = 0.14) in donkey milk induced by SLAB51 probiotics.

At Day 14 the placebo drove an increasing trend in perceived malodor (median change = +20%; p = 0.17, one-tailed paired Wilcoxon test), whereas perceived malodor for the COHP group did not change (median change = 0%; p = 0.29, one-tailed paired Wilcoxon test).

arvalis (F 1,23 = 3.94, p = 0.06), and, not in a significant trend, in M. glareolus (F 1,81 = 1.73, p = 0.19).

In the same feeding days, there was no significant difference in body weight between ALE groups and the CK group, but the H group showed a decreasing trend at all time points, especially on the 10th day ( p = 0.191) and the 40th day ( p = 0.147).

Factors with a trend toward significance ( p < 0.20) were initially considered for inclusion in the multivariable analysis.

A numerical trend of decreasing dry matter intake with increasing CS-PFA in diet was observed: 28.7, 28.5, and 28.1 kg/day in LF, MF, and HF, respectively ( p < 0.20).

At Day 7, in line with the VSC level data, COHP drove a decreasing trend in perceived malodor (median change = −10%, p = 0.21) whereas perceived malodor for the placebo group did not change (median change = 0%, p = 0.5, one-tailed paired Wilcoxon test).

The results show no significant differences between biochemical parameters and d-ROMs values, although CK showed a negative trend ( p = 0.228), indicating a potential link between muscle enzyme levels and OS.

There was a marginally significant interaction between group (hens with and without fractures) and hybrid (white and brown) for the difference in laying rates (GLM, group: F = 1.39, 1 df, p = 0.24, hybrid: F = 0.28, 1 df, p = 0.60, group*hybrid: F = 4.08, 1 df, p = 0.048).

The regression between Hi and Si showed a negative trend (Si = 0.52 − 0.0035 Hi, p = 0.305) with a very poor Adjusted R-squared = 0.008.

The proportion of Proteobacteria at E07 (78.33%), E11 (73.65%), and E15 (60.35%) showed a decreasing trend but increased at E19 (74.09%) in the egg yolk ( p = 0.32).

Foraging time was not significantly affected by ammonia nitrogen concentration but showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing (F 3,44 = 0.893, p = 0.452) ( Figure 4 D).

The body mass showed no statistically significant differences between groups, except in the comparison between males from winter and spring, although these differences were small and almost not significant ( p = 0.48; Figure 1 a; Table S3a,b ).

In the following analysis, an almost significant difference was found when comparing the respondents of the genQ who joined an AVI and who did not (X 2 = 0.365; p = 0.546), but no difference was found comparing the words elicited by the respondents in the preQ and in the genQ (considering who did not join an AVI) (X 2 = 1.711; p = 1.191). 4.3.