Excerpts

As a result, we observed a significant trend of increasing unintended pregnancies among ALHIV that reflects the global failure to meet their SRH needs combining several mechanisms.

Among the distal outcomes, an improvement was observed in job satisfaction. In the fully (workplace, age, and gender) adjusted model, the improvements in quantitative demands, the perceived psychosocial work environment, the psychosocial safety climate and empowering leadership remained significant, while borderline significant improvements were observed for possibilities for solving work tasks, predictability at work, and social support from closest manager.

In our multivariate analysis (Table 2 ), a clear trend of increasing obesity odds was observed with advancing age.

ARIMA and seasonal ARIMA models are commonly employed when the influenza data have a clear trend and seasonality.

In Iran, the HIV epidemic has shown an increasing trend over the last two decades, with an estimated ~43,000 people living with HIV in 2023 [ 2 ].

Conclusion There’s a positive trend of national decline in TFR in Sierra Leone between 2008 and 2019.

These findings are in agreement with some previous studies that have shown a decreasing trend in most of the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases [ 19 , 22 ].

The risk of earthquakes in Iran has shown an increasing trend in recent years [ 25 ].

The regional differences in accident situations among different provinces in China overall show a decreasing trend from underdeveloped areas in the West to highly developed areas [ 4 ].

An AAPC value and its 95% CI exceeding zero indicate an increasing trend, whereas an AAPC value and its 95% CI below zero denote a decreasing trend [ 22 ].

Some studies revealed a positive trend found between urinary heavy metals and periodontitis using multiple logistic regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression.

The cfNRI showed a trend similar to that of the ORs, and decreased as age increased.

Moreover, due to unique features of their samples which consisted of younger stroke survivors and residents in rural areas, the findings may not be generalisable to older populations or those living in urban areas as there may be significant differences in socioeconomic status, available health facilities, and prevailing stroke management practices [ 19 – 21 ].

A positive trend from 2014/15 to 2019/20 can only be seen for adults with osteoarthritis.

Our results show that little has changed regarding aerobic PA in adults with NCD since 2014/2015 in Germany, with a negative trend for adults reporting stroke and osteoarthritis.

3 ) It is noteworthy that the prevalence of LBP in WCBA showed a decreasing trend in all age groups from 1990 to 2021, with the greatest decrease in the 30–34 years age group, from 9,641.25 [95% UI: 6,904.85 to 12,887.02] per 100,000 people in 1990 to 8,348.72 [95% UI: 6,044.92 to 11,112.31]) (AAPC: -0.4685 [95% CI: -0.4822 to -0.4564]), followed by the 35–39 age group, which declined from 11,779.66 [95% UI: 8,766.08 to 15,422.24] per 100,000 people in 1990) to 2021 to 10,407.72 [95% UI: 7,774.85 to 13,639.04]) (AAPC: -0.391 [95% CI: -0.405 to -0.377]) (Table 3 ) (Fig. 3 ).

Regionally, the prevalence and the YLDs rate of LBP among WCBA in the medium socio-demographic index region showed an increasing trend(the prevalence: AAPC: 0.1291 [95% CI: 0.118 to 0.1396]) (the YLDs: AAPC: 0.1371 [95% CI: 0.1251 to 0.1499]).

From 1990 to 2019, age-standardized rate of prevalence (ASPR), mortality (ASMR) and DALYs (ASDR) showed a decreasing trend.

Increased drinking showed a trend towards a higher risk of MASLD.

Army, Navy, and Marine Corps, which taken together indicate an increasing trend of BMI among U.S. active-duty military personnel.

Our findings suggest that these public health protection measures are only contributing factors to an overall trend of increased BMI among USAF personnel, as the prevalence of personnel with obesity among the USAF cohort increased only 2.1% from the pre-pandemic to the early pandemic period and an additional 6.1% from the early to late pandemic periods.

Conversely, Oyi LGA recorded the lowest yield with a negative trend over time.

Ogbaru, Anambra East, and Ayamelum LGAs together saw significant improvement in case finding over time, resulting in a positive trend that started at about 30 cases to an average of over 50 cases per week within the intervention period.

Overall, the period where LGAs used SDI for case identification recorded more cases, with an increasing trend towards the end of the period under review (Fig. 4 a and b).

Although not significant, there was an increasing trend in the number of women adhering more to the FVDP dietary pattern.