Excerpts

From 2007 to 2020, China’s national incidence of Class B notifiable infectious diseases shows a decreasing trend year by year (from 272.37/100,000 in 2007 to 190.35/100,000 in 2020), with the east dropping from 249.93/100,000 in 2007 to 165.45/100,000 in 2020, the central from 262.18/100,000 in 2007 to 191.63/100,000 in 2020 and the west from 360.07/100,000 in 2007 to 232.18/100,000 in 2020.

The forecasted incidence rates of Class B notifiable infectious diseases nationwide from 2021 to 2024 (205.26/100,000, 199.95/100,000, 194.74/100,000 and 189.62/100,000) as well as the forecasted values for most regions show a downward trend, with only some regions (Guangdong, Hunan, Hainan, Tibet, Guangxi and Guizhou) showing an increasing trend year by year.

Wealth index of household has highly significant adjusted effect on DBM and it is noted that the OR shows an increase as the level of wealth index increases where the poor are considered as the reference group (OR = 1.62 and 1.89 for the middle and the rich respectively).

The current trends indicate that overweight and obesity do not occur among specific generations, but rather affect all generations with an increasing trend over time among all generations.

For example, the existence of the intergenerational transmission of BMI is recognised internationally, and parental over- and under-nutrition is a highly significant predictor of BMI in their offspring [ 35 – 39 ].

Background Pilots' physical and mental health might be significant contributing factors to flight safety.

Together these results clarify that while major depression and/or undiagnosed depression are likely to be significant medically-related drivers of suicide deaths, they are by no means the only factor.

This effect is statistically moderately significant and occurs primarily in the case of men.

Through a latent growth mixture model, a decreasing trend of healthy ageing score was found, however, the decreasing magnitudes differed.

Third, although we also saw a borderline significant association between fast-food outlet presence and BMI in high NSES areas, the strongest effect sizes of fast-food outlet presence on BMI were observed in low NSES areas.

The results of the mixed-effects models indicate that the degree of implementation (number of sessions completed) was significantly associated with increased reproductive health skills, self-efficacy, and intention to use condom protection at follow-up (AIDS knowledge was marginally significant).

Drowning rates in all countries reported a downward trend, with the exception of Morocco and Egypt, which WHO mortality data indicated an increasing trend in fatal unintentional drowning between 2004 and 05 and 2014–15 [ 80 ] (Fig. 2 ).

However, both estimates are likely to be significant underreports due to the exclusion of fatal unintentional drowning due to transportation and disaster-related causes.

A positive trend regarding paid work was observed, while social visits decreased.

Surveillance data for 2008–2009 in India shows declining HIV infections among female sex workers but shows an increasing trend in HIV among injecting drug users and men who have sex with men [ 8 ].

From 2010 to 2019, there was no significant change in the overall crude mortality rate of stroke in urban areas, whereas that in rural areas demonstrated an increasing trend and was much higher than that of urban residents during the same period [ 36 ].

At baseline, this cohort only showed a trend for an association between food insecurity and perceived life stress.

Especially, a decreasing trend in the risk of having mental health problems with the improvement of SSQ was identified.

Non-treatment-seekers using betting exchanges engaged in arbitrage betting which requires research and significant outlay but low risk by: “backing and laying the same runner or the same competitor in a sporting event with a fairly significant outlay to make a small profit irrespective of the result” (NTS13).

observed a marginally statistically significant summary result in their 2005 meta-analysis (SRRE: 1.11, 95% CI: 1.00–1.78) [ 48 ].

Twenty-one out of the twenty-three studies reported high intentions to receive the vaccine across survey participants [ 47 – 58 , 60 – 63 , 65 – 69 ], with a significant trend towards a declining willingness to vaccinate over time; concordant with the findings of existing reviews investigating COVID-19 vaccine willingness [ 22 – 26 ].

Despite the high number of feces reports and the high prevalence of homelessness in SoMa, there was only a near-significant decline in the post-intervention rate of feces reports near SoMa Pit Stops.

[ 16 ] revealed a positive relation between “life satisfaction” and age, but a negative trend in positive affect, and argued that the latter finding may be a function of a decline in the intensity of feelings overall.

Perhaps surprisingly, although there was a mild trend of lower levels of physical activity with rising weight status, more evident in the larger 2015 sample, these differences were comparatively mild compared to what might be expected if weight status and physical activity levels were strongly associated.

This is especially true because there seems to be a change in young people’s sleep patterns [ 5 ] and a negative trend in academic achievement in mathematics and science reported for Norwegian students [ 6 ].