Excerpts

P -values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant and P -values < 0.01 were highly significant.

On the other hand, there was a highly significant positive correlation between p_Firmicutes−g_Lactobacillus and serum endotoxin. p_Firmicutes−g_Oscillospira, p_ Firmicutes −g:Lactobacillus, p_Actinobacteria−g_Corynebacterium,and p_Actinobacteria−g_Adlercreutzia showed significant positive correlation with TLR4 ( Figure 5 ).

However, when we performed age-matched HLA association testing with 49 PBC with HCC patients and 49 PBC without HCC patients ( Supplementary Table 7 ), HLA-DRB1*09:01:02 , HLA-DQB1*03:03:02 , HLA-DRB1*09:01:02-HLA-DQB1*03:03:02 remained borderline significant after adjusting for multiple comparisons.

The absolute value of the correlation coefficient r > 0.4 and P < 0.01 were used as a screening threshold to show the extremely significant results ( 23 ).

, T-score only) meta-analysis, which would have likely missed the other genes identified here because of borderline significance in at least one signature.

Interestingly, only the NFD diet showed a trend towards increased cell counts in TIM4 + CD163 + and CD163 + populations ( Supplementary Figure 8B ).

Both genders exhibited a decreasing trend in SHBG levels as the inflammation-related index increased.

Among NMOSD patients, seropositive patients showed a trend for greater disability (p- 0.08, OR-1.14, 95%CI – 0.97-1.33) compared to seronegative patients.

Although a marginally significant increase was observed with the Mit-A single treatment compared to the control and αPD-L1 treatment groups, an overall decrease in the g-MDSC subpopulation was observed when αPD-L1 was combined with Mit-A ( Figure 5A ).

One may hypothesize that improvements in functionality could have predisposed the patients to a more active lifestyle, possibly leading to improvements in visceral fat, with possible influence on some inflammatory markers, such as IL1-β (tendency towards significance), an important mediator of the inflammatory response ( 12 , 32 , 33 ).

We have also noticed a clear trend toward upregulation for Itgb1 in WT astrocytes, although this result did not reach statistical significance.

However, TGFβRII mRNA expression showed an increasing trend after tofacitinib intervention but did not reach statistical difference ( Supplementary Figure 3A ).

The total bioluminescence flux is shown in Figure 7C , and the values indicate a decreasing trend only in the M5A group and no significant difference in the other groups.

Neither was there a clear trend of decidual NK cells declining with gestation age.

No significant differences were observed between CaEP with different calcium concentrations, although there was a marginal trend of dose dependency, and 250 mM calcium outperformed lower concentrations.

In our previous report from the EpiPath cohort, multiple correction testing during our survey of the complete immune system meant that NK cells only narrowly missed significance ( 18 ), and the only other comparable study did not investigate NK cells ( 64 , 112 ).

Unfortunately, in our previous report, this result was highly significant prior to, but not after, post-hoc multiple testing correction ( 18 ) The limitations of our pre-clinical study include potential litter effects and the absence of a clear HPA axis phenotype.

The BMP4 treated CD4+ T cells also showed a decreasing trend in the ratio of IL-4 production ( Figures 2A, C ).

The gene expression of Il2ra was also checked by PCR, although it was not found to be significant and it showed a trend of decrease in Il2ra after BMP4 treatment ( Figure 1C ).

Migration toward the anode showed a trend of increased migration by increasing applied field.

Hence, an increasing trend is observed to leverage nanotherapy as an approach to improve the immune response of tumors by targeting the TME in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), as summarized in Table 2 ( 69 ).

In the case of the rest of cytokines, we did not find a significant relationship, but a clear trend ( Supplementary Figure 2 ).

Lxrα showed a similar increase after 4 hours of CD incubation, Npc2 only showed a trend ( Figures 7E, F ).

Goblet cells were significantly increased in BALB/c mice and showed a trend for increase in C57BL/6 mice after Alt treatment compared to PBS ( Figures 2E–I ).

Surprisingly, although the dramatically disturbed T h 1/T h 2/T h 17 balance in heroin addicts at the AW stage has been mostly restored to the baseline around one year after the initiation of abstinence, the levels of cytokines of T h 1 (IL-2, adj.p = 0.0467; TNF-α, adj.p = 3.45E-03), T h 2 (IL-4, adj.p = 0.06; IL-10, adj.p = 0.0461), and T h 17 (IL-17A, adj.p = 5.41E-03) remained elevated in PW heroin subjects relative to HCs with a statistical significance or a considerable trend toward significance.