Excerpts

The Spearman correlation heatmap shows a highly significant positive correlation among Lactobacillus count, acetate level, and butyrate level.

We also found a decreasing trend in the abundance of Lactobacillales in piglets challenged with ETEC K88.

The obtained correlation for primary eigenvectors ( Figures S5A–C ) are both above 0.9 (absolute value), and highly significant ( p < 2.0·10 −6 ).

Alcoholic and aqueous extracts prepared from myrtle leaves have been defined as rich sources of polyphenols ( Amensour et al., 2009 ) and a content of total polyphenols higher than 20 mg GAE for g of dry sample could be considered as highly significant ( Tawaha et al., 2007 ).

Highly significant correlations were observed between various soil properties, enzyme activities, and diazotrophs community.

Among the other prominent bacterial phyla, we found that the average relative richness of Patescibacteria , Bacteroidetes , and Actinobacteria showed a trend of gradual increase with increased N fertilizer inputs during the first year of the present study, and Patescibacteria and Actinobacteria showed significant positive correlations with soil NO 3 – .

The average relative richness of Actinobacteria , Bacteroidetes, and Patescibacteria gradually decreased with a prolongation of the treatment period ( Figure 4 ), with those of Bacteroidetes and Patescibacteria decreasing significantly and the decreasing trend observed for Bacteroidetes reaching an extremely significant level under continuous treatment with N 180 .

These MD simulation studies clarify the fact that the “handshake” mechanism of R 37 is highly significant to fine-tune the domain movement in a corroborated manner, which allows the DNA to bind with HapR.

The probiotic group in this study, showed a strong trend for improved recovery by random fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis, and additionally a significant increase in resistance by bacterial culture.

Our results showed a trend of OTU richness from the surface to the abyssopelagic zone, with maximal OTU richness occurring at depths ranging from 100 to 200 m.

Using climate change projections based on predicted temperature and DTR, mapped models showed an increasing trend over time for DENV epidemic potential in temperate regions ( Liu-Helmersson et al., 2014 ).

The highly significant agreement between experimental data and simulations obtained for different microbial species and strains demonstrates how the process-based System Dynamics approach, already followed in the case of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae ( Mazzoleni et al., 2015 ), can be successful to develop a general model of microbial growth in bioreactors, despite the extremely simplified representation of the main physiological functions limited to very few, but fundamental metabolic processes.

When the unidentified compounds were included in the analysis, some show a highly significant correlation with ZIKV infection status.

On the QTP, nitrogen deposition has been presenting an increasing trend gradually, ranging from 0.87 to 1.38 g N m –2 year –1 in the recent decade ( Lü and Tian, 2007 ).

According to CAZy annotation, there was an increasing trend over the phenological periods in genes encoding GHs, GTs, PLs, CEs, AAs, and CBMs, among which the GHs, PLs, and CBMs in the withering period were present at significantly higher levels than in the regreen and grassy stages ( P < 0.05) ( Supplementary Figure S4 and Supplementary Table S6 ).

∗ P < 0.05 and ∗∗ P < 0.01 were applied to be statistically significant and statistically highly significant, respectively.

R 2 values were only partially significant and remained below 0.06 for all factor combinations, indicating that the three most relevant factors had primarily an independent impact on microbial community composition.

A clear trend of an increase in A16S proportion along the distance gradient was only observed for the P2 stand.

A decreasing trend in the proportion of Thaumarchaeota (on average from 70 to 14%) across the distance gradient was detected in the spruce forests.

The differences of mean relative abundances of four symbiotic bacteria among three populations were marginally significant; however, the mean relative abundance of 16 fungi among three populations was significantly different, and positive linear correlations were observed between the resistance level and two fungi ( Aspergillus niger and Aureobasidium pullulans ) and two genes ( CYP4C70 and CYP4DB1 ).

The average viral load of NcPSRV-1 in 2017 was significantly different with the result of 2018 ( t = 2.2674, df = 93.80, p = 0.0257), 2019 ( t = 3.4409, df = 90.03, p = 0.0009), and 2020 ( t = 5.1243, df = 65.55, p = 0.0001; Figure 5 ), indicating a clear trend of increasing in N. cincticeps laboratory population A, not only the number of infective 5th instar nymphs but also the average viral load in population A.

The differences between NTM species can be quite significant, and likely impacts where they have a niche and thus where they are most likely to present a public health threat.

Similarly, in all treatments SOD activity in leaf and root tissues of both sugarcane varieties showed an increasing trend till 60 DAI and then declined ( Figures 5A,B ).

anthracis hfq genes had no statistically significant effects on sRNA stability, although there was a slight trend toward extension of sRNA half-life in some mutants.

0.05 > P > 0.01 was significant and marked with ∗ ; P < 0.01 was extremely significant and marked with ∗∗ .