Excerpts

Effects of different seeding rates on the 1000-grain weight and seed setting rate of primary and secondary branches in direct-seeded rice As the seeding rate increased from S45 to S135, the 1000-grain weight of primary and secondary branches for both main stems and tillers in direct-seeded rice exhibited a decreasing trend, following the order of S45 > S75 > S105 > S135 ( Figures 4A, B ).

Additionally, the stem lodging index demonstrated an increasing trend with higher seeding rates, following the order of S135 > S105 > S75 > S45 ( Figure 6C ). 3.7.

For different GHG emission scenarios including RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, with the increased concentration of greenhouse gases, the size of the high-suitability zone showed a decreasing trend in the 2050s.

Simultaneously, the basal internode diameter, stem wall thickness of the 2nd and 3rd internodes, stem puncture strength, breaking strength, compressive strength, and lodging-related parameters (lodging rate and lodging index) exhibited an increasing trend with moderate N input.

The expression pattern of most other DhKNOX genes showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing, and DhKNOX15 and DhKNOX18 had the highest expression levels after 1 h.

In this study, leaf RWC showed a decreasing trend with increasing exposure time to HT, which was in agreement with results reported in hyacinth bean ( Rai et al., 2015 ) and Festuca arundinacea ( Xu et al., 2007 ).

The QTL analysis identified 12 and 8 major effect QTLs but in case of GWAS analysis was identified 19 and 28 highly significant SNP trait associations (STAs) in NAM_Tifrunner.

The highly significant interaction between upper-layer leaf area (W × B) ( Figures 3d-f ) revealed that the impact of SiNPs on canopy structure was mainly derived from improvements in the upper canopy structure.

Y (NO) showed a decreasing trend with the prolongation of drought stress and ranged between 0.05 and 0.25.

Although, very severe stress (0/50% FC) induced a highly significant increase of 28.71%.

3 Results 3.1 Changes in tea plant growth at different altitudes The plant height and width of tea plantations showed a decreasing trend with increasing altitude ( Table 1 ).

The principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) revealed that seed treatments had a marginally significant effect on the rhizosphere microbial community structure and composition ( Figure 6A ).

In this study, the yield of maize showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with increasing nitrogen application rate.

Although the SPEI in Northwest (-0.008/year) and Southwest regions (-0.003/year) show a negative trend, the magnitude of the change is very small.

It can be seen from this that the distribution range of the occurrence frequency of compound hot extremes and droughts in Northwest and Southwest China is relatively wide, indicating that there may be significant differences in rainfall and high-temperature drought risks at different locations within these regions. 3.3.

Results The results show that: (1) From 2001 to 2020, the interannual variation of GPP in China's six major regions showed an increasing trend, 98.84% have experienced significant warming, and 83.76% show no significant changes in drought.

It can be seen from Figure 6A that at a certain temperature (22°C) and constant moisture content, the foxtail millet capacitance has an increasing trend as the volume duty cycle increases.

When | Z | ≥ 1.96, the dataset indicates a notable trend; when | Z |< 1.96, the trend is considered insignificant; S is the SPEI test statistic of vegetation; sgn is the sign function; Var ( S ) signifies the variance; n represents the temporal scal, which in this research is set at 24. 2.3.3.

The area of DNF GPP GS with an increasing trend (50.47%) was basically the same as the area with a decreasing trend (49.49%), but the much more of the increasing trend areas was significant (31.46% compared with 0.80%).

In the present study, the H-D relationship did not show a clear trend with such a large range variation of altitude (275–1250 m) at four sites.

With increasing fertilizer intensity, needle nitrogen and phosphorus content and the nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio showed an increasing trend ( Figure 4 ), indicates that increased external phosphorus supply promoted uptake of both nitrogen and phosphorus in P. massoniana needle. 3.3 Factor contribution analysis The distribution of all indicators varied across three dimensions: variety (V), fertilization (P), and their interaction (V×P) ( Figure 3B ).

The lignin content showed a trend of “promotion at low concentration and inhibition at high concentration”: T2 treatment significantly increased the lignin content, which was 292.45% higher than that of CK at 96 h, while T6 treatment significantly decreased it, which was 37.36% lower than that of CK at 96 h.

In the present study, with increasing boron fertilizer concentration, the germination potential, germination rate, bud length, root length, germination index, and vitality index of Suqiao 1 and 1412–69 seeds all showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.

As shown in Figure 5 , three genes ( SmGATA4 , 23 and 24 ) displayed upregulated expressions during fruit developmental stage and the expression level of SmGATA27 showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.

As fertilizer application rates increased, the ear grains and grain yield increased followed by a decreasing trend, reaching the maximum value under RM.