Excerpts

A main effect of Belief condition revealed a non-significant trend, F (1, 23) = 2.958, p = 0.099, indicating that anti-free will participants tended to be slower to respond than controls (though this interpretation should be approached with caution due to the marginal significance level).

Furthermore, the results showed an expected trend of increase in intertemporal decision making at retest suggesting that intertemporal decision making benefited from repeated task exposure.

Categorization processes were in our study operationalized with the MCST, which showed a marginally significant indirect effect on decision making in the GDT.

Most relevant to our predictions, significant or marginally significant interaction effects between Group and Condition were found for all variables (each associated with moderate effect sizes), except for velocity (associated with a negligible effect size).

In the regression analysis where the possible confounding variables were controlled for, the visuospatial test was only marginally significant predictor of the Scale subtest.

However the tendency itself would also explain why there is an overall trend toward finding higher imagery across the body of literature as a whole (e.g., Barnett and Newell, 2008 ; Spiller and Jansari, 2008 ; Meier and Rothen, under review).

Only the left SPL, which showed a trend in the block averaging analysis, also showed higher activity for the high motion than low motion sentences during the last two TR's of the block [ t (11) = 2.44, P = 0.03; Figure 3 ].

Results Descriptive statistics are provided in Table 1 , which shows that male participants had higher scores on the PPI-R total and factor scores, as well as a statistical trend for higher scores on the SPQ Interpersonal factor.

There was some indication that higher self-reported cognitive empathy was associated with greater satisfaction with one’s family and higher affective empathy was associated with higher family SES although the correlations were marginally significant.

No other effect approached significance in this analysis (all p ’s > 0.26).

“Lax voices” (Part 1 of the two-way ANOVAs): in five subtests out of six ( apologetic-indignant, bored-interested, intimate–formal, relaxed-stressed, sad-happy ) highly significant effect of voice was found.

Interestingly, however, the analysis indicates that the language of the subtitles did not matter, as the effect of subtitles in both conditions is highly significant.

This should be a source of comfort to researchers who make use of such effects to infer and study fundamental processes related to human cognition, since recent work on mind wandering would suggest that there may be significant effects of off-task rumination on performance in such tasks.

Therefore, the control experiment suggests that (1) there is no additional effect of being watched on the processes of motor inhibition, and (2) the marginally significant effect of post-error slowing in the being-watched condition from Experiment 1 is likely reflective of between-subject group differences, which were no longer present when a within-subject designed was used.

To interpret this marginally significant 3-way interaction, separate ANOVAs with factors of response hand and target side were conducted for each hand posture.

However, a visual inspection suggested that there was at least a small trend of learning in the first five blocks.

(2005) showed a putative link between handedness and self-consciousness, where right-handed individuals tended to have lower levels of self-consciousness, although this was only approaching significance.

A marginally significant difference was revealed between 3- to 4- and 5- to 6-year-olds on the AP.

The cue-locked ERPs showed marginally significant n-2 repetition effects, whereas the stimulus-locked ERP data showed that a greater negative ERP component was elicited by n-2 repetition trials than by n-2 switch trials around 250 ms after stimulus onset, which is similar to the N2 component, as the index of inhibition of the non-target language, which has been reported in previous ERP studies on bilingual language production.

Strictly speaking, this should be considered statistically not relevant as the related main effect was approaching but not reaching significance.

At central sites, there was a main effect of congruity, an interaction between congruity and laterality, and a near-significant interaction with vocabulary group.

Notably, the variable representing cognitive ability was not even close to significance.

When data from that study were fit to the quadratic model, a highly significant linear component was found, as expected and reported in Wlotko and Federmeier ( 2012a ), but the quadratic term was not significant.

There was a numerical trend for RVF items to be recognized more than LVF items but this difference did not reach significance [ F (1,21) = 2.06], nor did VF interact with cloze bins [ F (2,42) = 0.13].

The cross-correlation between head-on-trunk and TR was highly significant and negative in both 8-year-olds (median r = −0.73, Q 1 = −0.95, Q 3 = 0.02) and adults (median r = −0.93, Q 1 = −0.97, Q 3 = −0.76).