Excerpts

For both speed intervals, a clear trend is observed: increasing raster step leads to larger color differences and chromatic distances between the corresponding marked areas.

Nevertheless, as aging time extended further, the curve exhibited a clear trend of hardness rebounding from its trough and continuing to increase.

The hydrophobicity of TE2A10 also showed an increasing trend with the increase in curing temperature, and the contact angle was greater than 150° at the 10 °C curing temperature, i.e., 154.7°, and at 40 °C, the contact angle further increased to 165.3°.

With the elevation of maintenance humidity, DT2A10’s contact angle showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing; the contact angle reached the highest value of 155.5° under 75% humidity, and the contact angle decreased to 146.2° under 95% humidity.

As the temperature increases, the Log K value shows an increasing trend, indicating that elevated temperature favors the dissolution of sodium metasilicate octahydrate.

As alluded to in the previous section, the calculations did not show a definite trend in the magnitude of hyper (polarizability) coefficients, α and β, due to dopants.

As the temperature decreases, E 1 , E 2 , η 1 , and η 2 all exhibit an increasing trend, suggesting that the viscoelastic parameters of PGWA increase with decreasing temperature.

It can be observed that as the angle between the growth orientation and the <001> direction increases, both the average size and the area fraction of the γ′ strengthening phase exhibit an increasing trend.

The experimental results collectively reveal a clear trend: with increasing deviation of the growth direction from the ideal <001> orientation, the heat-treated microstructure evolves towards a state characterized by larger and less uniform γ′ precipitates, reduced γ′ cubicity, narrower γ matrix channels, a lower fraction of residual eutectic content, and a notably higher density of solution micropores.

After the temperature is reduced to the inflection point, the martensitic transformation rate is reduced, the heat shrinkage strain is dominant, and the stress curve shows an increasing trend.

Here QHT gives a clear trend: the enhancement grows as the self-similar protrusion becomes larger.

A comparison of FFRP plates with different numbers of fiber layers revealed that, as the number of fiber layers increased, both the tensile strength and modulus decreased, and the elongation at break generally exhibited a decreasing trend.

Although these values are still classified within the lower bound of the “average” durability category according to the literature [ 221 , 222 ], they indicate a clear trend towards poorer transport resistance and a progressive approach to the threshold below which durability is commonly considered unsatisfactory (often reported around 100 Ωm).

[ 27 ] used shape factor and sphericity index to quantify aggregate shape characteristics and confirmed that aggregate shape significantly affects the overall performance of porous mixtures, with performance showing a decreasing trend as aggregate sphericity increases.

However, they had a large kurtosis coefficient and a clear left skew, indicating a significant trend towards data concentration.

As temperature further increased (above 250 °C), the microhardness curve exhibited a decreasing trend.

However, beyond this range, further increasing the concentration resulted in a decreasing trend in the dehydration rate.

Porosity The porosity of double-layer composite concrete inevitably shows a decreasing trend with the increase in paste content.

From these maps, a similar characteristic distribution of chromium and a clear trend in silicon distribution depending on the FeAlSiCa content can be observed.

Overall, the addition of nanosecond pulses significantly enhances the ablation performance, with a clear trend of first decreasing and then increasing values, as compared to CW laser ablation.

As shown, both the flexural and compressive strengths exhibit a decreasing trend when the CRA content reaches 20%, with the flexural strength dropping from 7.35 to 4.12 MPa and the compressive strength decreasing from 16.26 to 10.71 MPa.

A clear trend is detectable that as printing time increases, the corner radius increases.

Further analysis of the influence of focusing depth reveals a clear trend.

Furthermore, Figure 3 suggests the dynamic viscosity ( μ ), kinematic viscosity ( ν ), thermal conductivity ( k ), thermal diffusivity ( a ), and Prandtl number (Pr) show an increasing trend.

In an air atmosphere, the important amount of NO released demonstrates a decreasing trend with increasing heating rate.