Excerpts

The goodness factor of the porous media channel presented a decreasing trend, along with Re eq , due to the strong pressure-loss properties, while the plain channel’s goodness factor increased.

At all energies, the MFP have an increasing trend with the Bi 2 O 3 content.

Springback induced variations on tube thickness and cross-section flattening are discussed: the thickness variation during springback is attributed to the elastic unloading induced deformation and the cooling induced thermal deformation, which is small and neglectable; the maximum cross-section flattening decreases first and then presents an increasing trend, while it increases with the increase of the bending angle.

Wurtzite, in particular, exhibited a quite significant distortion due to viscous collapse of the bottom layers (see lower part of Figure 8 b).

In recent decades, a significant trend has been observed concerning recycling or reusing solid waste materials in highway pavements, which can be categorized into pavement by-products, industrial by-products, and waste produced by the construction and demolition of buildings and road infrastructure [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ].

In each case, a positive trend is observed: as impact energy increases, the average microstructural measures increase concurrently.

Although in this case the use of the HiPIMS coating did not produce a significantly better machined surface quality, when compared to the dc MS-obtained coated tool, the increase in wear resistance is quite significant.

The results of the preliminary research by the authors suggest that the thermal effect of this process on the material cut may be significant.

They distinctly identified the need to fabricate high-performance hybrid aluminium composites and reported that the mechanical properties particularly the tensile strength improves up to a certain extent, i.e., 3 to 5 wt.% of SiC; however, beyond this range, the tensile strength showed a decreasing trend.

Our study found no significant change but a slight trend of reduction on the hindfoot eversion and forefoot abduction.

[ 11 ], the impact of desert sand replacement rate on the compressive strength of high-strength concrete showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.

Carbon and glass fibre metal laminates present an increasing trend of the force as the impact develops, the trend continues up to a maximum value, where the force start to decrease.

The analysis of the coefficient d f / d t , which describes the laminate capacity to accumulate energy through the elastic deformation with correlation to permanent deformation [ 43 ] was presented in Figure 5 , it can be observed a positive trend with the impact energy.

Furthermore, a decreasing trend in the maximum force in the fibres can be observed with an increasing number of cycles due to relaxation phenomena in the fibre–matrix interface or the fibre itself.

Deviations of the slope of the measured and simulated force-displacement relationships becomes moderately significant when the head displacement reaches approximately 0.11 mm.

The CoFe (110) peak revealed magnetocrystalline anisotropy, which was related to strong low-frequency alternative-current magnetic susceptibility (χ ac ) and induced an increasing trend in saturation magnetization (Ms) as the thickness and annealing temperature increased.

Statistical analysis was carried out by one-way ANOVA test to analyze differences between the controls and treated where p<0.05 is considered significant and p < 0.01 extremely significant. 3.

The results available in the literature does not allow for identifying a clear trend regarding the effect of various environmental exposures and accelerated aging.

After short-term aging as well as long-term aging at different times, the cumulative energy curve exhibited an increasing trend.

Therefore, a clear trend has been observed recently to replace to some extent the main binder of cement composites with environmentally friendly or recycled materials with a lower carbon footprint.

In the studied case where the diameter is 8 mm, the air gap is very small, and conduction via air may be significant even despite a small thermal conductivity of air.

Combined with the temperature-resistance law, it can be seen that the resistance of the plate increased with increase of the plate temperature, and the heat production power and heat transfer efficiency show a decreasing trend; this phenomenon was more obvious with increase in the electrode spacing. 3.4.2.

In addition, an increase in osteogenetic biological parameters has been observed in these sites, apart from Wnt 3a, suggesting a positive trend regarding secondary implant stability.

The formation and cohesive energies of the systems exhibited an increasing trend after the substitution of Ag for Al or Ti, suggesting the decline in structural stability of the Ti 2 AlC.

Interestingly, we observed that with magnesium and silicon substitution, the average grain size measured showed a decreasing trend compared to pure HA.