Excerpts

With the increase of the distance away from the fracture surface, the density and size of cracks and cavities in the specimen show a decreasing trend ( Figure 5 a).

For the surface of the NdFeB samples sawed by four groups of different feed speeds, the PV values are the smallest when v f = 1.8 m/s, and the PV values of each group universally show an increasing trend as the wire speed decreases.

Figure 5 shows a clear trend of increasing the elastic modulus with age for juvenile specimens for either species.

Newly developed lead-free alloy systems have been discovered that can successfully replace them [ 16 ], such as those in the binary Sn-Cu, Sn-Ag, Sn-Bi, Sn-Zn, Sn-In, and Sn-Sb systems or the ternary Sn-Zn-Bi and Sn-Ag-Cu systems (SAC solders), with acceptable properties (melting temperature, mechanical properties, microstructure, wettability, solder ability, reliability, and cost), thus offering a positive trend in terms of finding new variants of accessible lead-free soldering alloys with properties similar to those prohibited [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 13 ].

The experimental data showed a trend of increasing elastic modulus with age for juvenile bone specimens.

Moreover, the capillary water absorption showed a trend of decreasing and then increasing with the increase in GO content in the same period, and the water absorption was the smallest when the content was 0.09%.

An increasing trend in strength is observed with the addition of CSW up to 4.5 kg/m 3 , which represents the optimal content for both w / b ratios.

The precipitation of α phase in the TC17-HAZ zone showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing, with the highest proportion of α phase after 740 °C annealing and reaching 75%.

When the NCCG coarse-aggregate content was 0%, the compressive strength of concrete after sulfate attack for 240 d still showed an increasing trend.

An increasing trend of mass was noted during the periods of N-FC, N-DA, and NS-DA, which was due to the erosion of N-FC, N-DA, and NS-DA [ 30 ].

Additionally, the change in the average grain size shows a decreasing trend when the holding time is extended (as shown in Figure 6 a,d,g).

As shown in Figure 11 , with the rise in final strain, the frequency of LAGBs shows a decreasing trend, while the frequency of HAGBs shows an increasing trend.

As already discussed, the solutocapillary effect may be significant for 1550 °C.

As can be seen, the materials used in the tests are characterized by quite significant differences in mechanical properties.

In electric vehicles, many of the components, such as the coil in the motor, the batteries, the inverters, and the wiring, are either made of copper or contain a fairly significant amount of copper.

After the BM and B 2 items are removed and recalculated, the p values in Table 4 are in line with the judgment of “extremely significant”. “R-squared” is used to evaluate the fitting degree of the model, which is 0.9779, indicating that the model has strong explanatory ability.

Soundness of Carbonated Steel Slag Soundness is quite significant for steel slag and its products, and it is supposed that the soundness of steel slag can be improved by carbonation.

On the other hand, when the fiber content was fixed, with the increase of fiber length, the total fracture energy of the rubber asphalt stress absorption layer showed a trend of rising first and then falling.

Both MgO and CaO yields in the pyrolyzed phosphate tailings showed a decreasing trend after the H 2 O pressure exceeded 0.02 MPa.

It can also be found from Figure 9 that the activity of MgO showed a trend of gradual growth followed by a sharp drop with the increase in temperature.

In all reference studies [ 20 , 21 , 23 , 24 ], an increasing trend in temperature was observed with increasing cutting speed.

Therefore, recycling the RAP for the maintenance or construction of asphalt pavement is highly significant from the policy perspective.

A similar study by Jing et al., 2022 [ 41 ] used 1, 3, and 5% NpsAg to functionalize bamboo-based cellulose carbon aerogel and observed an increase in the surface area with increasing silver concentration; however, the pore volume and the pore diameter showed a decreasing trend because these pores were occupied by the nanoparticles.

Conversely, the volume expansion rate of the RM–CaO stabilized soil showed an increasing trend with the cycle number.

The UCS of the stabilized soil showed a decreasing trend as the cycle number increased.