Excerpts

Even though marginally significant, the association was among two mechanisms mediating the SES disparity in central adiposity [ 46 ].

Changes in hydrogen peroxide and superoxide showed a positive trend in the older group, but not the younger group.

The correlation between daily sodium intake and daily calorie intake was highly significant ( Figure 1 ).

A decreasing trend in the gut microbiota diversity in the placebo and synbiotic groups was observed at the end of trial, which may imply the effect of the high-protein low-carbohydrate diet used in the weight loss program.

Introduction An increasing trend toward plant-based diets and, in particular, vegan diets was observed in developed countries over the last few years [ 1 , 2 ].

No significant difference in these percentages ( p = 0.13) was observed among the districts, though a decreasing trend in moderate insufficiency was noted on moving from Genoa to Savona and the other districts.

However, although there was a clear trend toward an increased incidence of EDIF with lower serum 25(OH)D, no statistically significant difference was found among the three groups with different vitamin D status.

In the larger study, in both healthy and CKD patients there was a highly significant effect on body weight reduction and improved body composition seen through dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and bio-impedance analysis (BIA) between the two time points (end of conventional MD and end of organic MD).

Our children’s diets, on the contrary, showed a more appropriate intake of saturated and unsaturated fat after gluten exclusion with a favorable trend of the omega-6 to omega-3 ratio.

Of note, the PREP cells showed a considerably significant decrease in these markers suggesting protection against stress at the molecular level.

However, the ALA group showed a trend towards reduced villus spacing relative to the CTR group.

Values < 10% were considered a significant trend, and those < 5% were considered a significantdifference in two-tailed tests.

Associations between the father’s education level and intakes of processed seafood and dairy products were found, and presented a decreasing trend: children of higher educated fathers consumed less processed seafood and dairy products (all p for trends < 0.03).

Although an elevated trend in VCO2-derived energy expenditure can be seen graphically, statistical analysis was restricted due to a majority of extubated patients in later phases of the low group. 3.3.

There was an overall trend for increasing fruit consumption to be associated with lower prevalence of sarcopenia but this was largely driven by the trend among females ( Figure 1 ).

Adherence to the recommendation on red and processed meat was significantly inversely associated with breast cancer in the analyses adjusted for age, centre, and education, while results were marginally significant in fully adjusted analyses.

Other studies found non-significant or borderline significant inverse associations [ 21 , 39 ] or null associations with dietary WCRF/AICR scores [ 8 , 20 ].

In developing organisms, growth hormone may play an important role in inducing insulin resistance under fasting stress conditions, which may be significant for the defense against hypoglycemia [ 146 ].

However, the combination of Saccharomyces boulardii , Lactobacillus , and VSL#3 showed a trend for efficiency.

The differences between the Robuvit and placebo group in general health, social functioning and mental health indicated a highly significant improvement of mental and physical well-being by Robuvit supplementation.

Women who exclusively breastfed for 180 days had a marginally significant lower PWR mean of 1.84 kg (95% CI = 1.77–1.90) compared to women who did so for 150 days (1.98 kg, 95% CI = 1.92–2.03).

Because highly significant differences were observed in energy and macronutrient intake between the first and second nightshifts, all nurses were also analysed as a combined group (as “All 2-Night Group”) for differences in these variables.

The difference was borderline significant for distal radius total BMD shown as Z-score (index controlled for sex and age) and significant for diaphyseal radius cortical BMD.

The FOS effects were clearly positive in increasing the content of both Bifidobacterium and Lactobacilli, while for AOS there was a positive trend, but the evidence was not so strong.

The number of participants was relatively low, particularly for the ICU subgroup comparisons; however, the differences in biomarker values between the patients and healthy controls were still highly significant. 5.