Excerpts

The detection results of MDA content showed that compared with the control group, after FAC treatment, MDA content was significantly increased, and after DFO treatment, the FAC-induced elevation of MDA showed a decreasing trend, but there was no statistically significant difference (Fig. 3 H).

In contrast, the eastern region’s digital economy exhibits highly significant positive direct effects (0.6908***), indirect effects (0.7075**), and total effects (1.3983***) are all highly significantly positive, revealing a dual-engine model of “local-driven + spatial spillover.” This stems from the eastern region’s robust digital infrastructure and efficient factor mobility, where digital technologies deeply integrate with the real economy while data elements and green digital services permeate surrounding areas, highlighting pronounced regional synergies.

Given the exploratory nature of this higher-order interaction and its marginal significance in the large-scale dataset of Study 1, this finding should be interpreted with caution and requires replication.

10 a, the permittivity ε′ of all samples exhibited a decreasing trend with increasing frequency, consistent with the typical behavior of dipolar dielectric materials where polarization fails to follow the alternating field at high frequencies.

Historically, 9 out of 34 stations (26.47%) showed a significant trend.

Moreover, current results indicated that none of the compounds could be considered significant P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrates, resulting in a decrease in drug efflux and resistance.

Consistent with our study, despite the IMT group suggested a greater improvement in running distance (771.43 ± 331.58 to 1011.43 ± 366.64), heart rate at the completion of the test did not show a significant difference between the groups (with an increasing trend in IMT).

As indicated by the deformation monitoring curves, the deformation of the surrounding rock began to exhibit an increasing trend at a distance of 50 m in advance of the working face during the retreat period.

A clear trend of decreasing growth with lower nutrient concentrations can be observed, with minimal to no visible growth on plates (B) and (C).

DLS and NTA measurements showed a trend in diameter increase for the mEVs extracted from the powder after 18 months of storage with respect to unprocessed mEVs.

In GG stratified individuals, TYR rs1126809 was nominally significant, and in AA + AG stratified individuals, all markers, with the exception of TYRP1 rs7853779, survived Bonferroni correction.

As vehicle density increases, a clear trend emerges: the success rate of task completions generally decreases.

6 , when the argon flow rate increased from 60sccm to 120sccm, the temperature of the anode plate showed an increasing trend, and the axial temperature gradient of the anode plate at different argon flow rates produced only limited fluctuations.

When the bipolar spacing increases from 4 mm to 10 mm, the temperature at the anode center point showed a downward trend, decreasing by 1016 K, representing a 42.5% drop, and 4 mm, 6 mm, 8 mm to meet the hollow cathode vacuum arc brazing process technology requirements; when the argon flow rate increases from 60sccm to 120sccm, the temperature at the anode center point showed an upward trend, increasing by 436 K, representing a 27.1% rise; when the radius of the cathode tube increases from 3.2mm to 4.4mm, the temperature at the anode center point showed a decreasing trend, dropping by 1016 K, representing a decrease of 42.6%., and 3.6mm, 4.0mm hollow cathode vacuum arc brazing process technology requirements.

However, it is to be noted that the Vglut3 −/− showed a trend (not significant) towards slightly larger holding current than the Vglut3 +/+ .

After the structural dimensions of the hydrocyclone are fixed, as the inlet flow velocity increases from 5.0 m/s to 20.0 m/s, the radial pressure in the cone section shows an increasing trend.

In the free vortex region, the tangential flow velocity shows a decreasing trend with the increase of radius, reaching its minimum value at the cone wall, which is consistent with the conclusion obtained by Ren et al. 33 .

The deformation of the specimen is highly significant, with overlapping support rods in each layer leading to a sharp increase in stress.

The axial flow velocity ( v x ) increases with increasing time period for all wave heights, but follows a negative trend at the highest time period, T = 2s.

The maximum axial velocity follows a positive trend till T = 1.87s and attained a maximum value of 0.297 m/s for Case 3 and H = 0.055 m.

The results demonstrate a clear trend: as surface roughness increases, the i corr and R corr decrease, and the φ corr becomes more positive.

With global warming and intensified human activities, rainfall-related shallow loess landslides are exhibiting an increasing trend annually, posing severe threats to human life and property as well as engineering facilities 9 – 11 .

A notable trend emerges from the future SPEI projections: drought events show a marked intensification toward the latter half of the 21 st century across most of the GCMs under all scenarios (Fig. 4 ).

The growth indicators of rice in the NR groups did not show significant fluctuations with increasing twisting number, whereas the WR treatments resulted in a decreasing trend.

13 B, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in the 100 mg/kg QG group exhibited a decreasing trend compared to the control group.