Excerpts

The largest data freeze to date ( https://www.covid19hg.org ) does not include rs4702 within its summary statistics; however, we note an excess of nominally significant genetic variants within the FURIN cis -region ( Table S1 ; binomial test p = 3.57 × 10 −31 ) comparing individuals hospitalized from COVID-19 with the general population ( Initiative, 2020 ).

Concordance of the direction of the effect of the largest variance component was also highly significant ( p = 5.71 × 10 −31 , Supplementary Table S3 ).

The hit SNP is in high LD with this common 2-base pair deletion (labelled as chr17:44102741:D in 1000 Genomes or as rs67759530 in dbSNP) within the probe ( r 2 = 0.91, minor allele frequency = 23%), giving rise to a highly significant association in the Illumina HT12 data set ( P -value = 8 × 10 − 31 ).

The correlation between the trial-by-trial change of phasic pupil dilation and that of absolute movement error for the group-averaged data was highly significant ( r = 0.64; P = 8.97 × 10 31 ; bootstrap 95% confidence interval: [0.43, 0.80]), suggesting that the phasic pupil dilation may reflect error size.

Vaccination also resulted in a highly significant improvement of average daily weight gain (+ 46 g/day; P = 9.55 × 10 -31 ) and carcase weight (+ 1.25 kg; P = 4.54 × 10 -05 ) as well as a shortened fattening period (-8 days; P = 2.01 × 10 -45 ). status released display-pdf yes is-olf no is-manuscript no is-preprint no is-journal-matter no is-scanned no is-retracted no Received 2008 Aug 18; Accepted 2009 Jan 7; Collection date 2009.

Notably, many of the highly significant GO terms are related to immune function and inflammation such as GO:0002376, immune system process [ P < 1e−30 both comparisons] and GO:0006954, inflammatory response [ P < 1e−30 both comparisons] (Fig. 6 A, Supplemental Table 1 ).

africanum found that SIT 181 was always detected as a highly significant emerging strain (p<10 −30 –10 −31 ), followed by several other strains ( Table 2 ).

(Of note, the EMN estimation was repeated across different p value thresholds [i.e., defined as the limit of the top 0.5% p values and top 0.3%], obtaining consistent results across all thresholds, with strong highly significant correlations with the original EMN values [all r ~ 0.84, p < 10 −30 ].) Next, taking the 7718 values as data, we used a novel contrastive trajectories inference (cTI) algorithm to aggregate the DNAm data by identifying the trajectories of individuals aligned/ordered with the severity of epigenetic alterations hypothetically associated with maternal neglect.

Thus, we used HOMER analysis for known motifs, revealing highly significant consensus motifs such as NRF1 ( P = 10 −30 ) and ZBTB33 ( P = 10 −24 ) ( Fig S6A ).

Functional enrichment analyses yielded major clusters for transcripts increased in ICD, including “collagen/extracellular matrix(ECM)”, “ECM-receptor interaction/PI3K-AKT signaling,” “inflammatory bowel disease”, and “Toll-like receptor signaling pathway.” Upstream regulator analysis revealed well-known inflammatory regulators interferon gamma (IFNγ), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-1 beta (IL1β), and interferon alpha (IFNα) as highly significant (− log( p -value) > 30) in ICD animals relative to controls.

In areas where the absolute value of log2FC was larger than 2, highly significant genes (-log10( p -value) > 30) were primarily enriched, suggesting a high degree of consistency in differential expression patterns across various data sources.

Logistic regression models predicting each treatment from diagnosis yielded highly significant associations (BH-adjusted p < 1 × 10 −30 ; Supplementary Data 5 ), indicating that diagnosis and treatment are not independently distributed.

Suppression of PAPD4 also led to a highly significant reduction in miRNA expression, (t-test adjusted p value <1×10 −30 ), although the median relative miRNA expression value of 0.71 in siPAPD4 cells was of a smaller magnitude than observed from TUT1 suppression.

The correlation between Π and δ is extremely significant, with Spearman's correlation R = 0.94, z -score 8.4, corresponding to p < 10 −30 (probability for fortuitous generation of such correlated data, under the hypothesis of null correlations).

Discussion Our GWAS across two cohorts of smallpox vaccine recipients, totaling just over 1,600 individuals, identified a highly significant (p < 1 x 10 −30 ) association signal from a region on chromosome 5 that was linked to significant inter-individual variations in IFNα response to in vitro stimulation with vaccinia virus.

Figure 2a shows that there was a highly significant difference between the two groups, with a mean variance explained by individual of 74 % for the strong-eQTL group, and 65 % for the weak-eQTL group (ANOVA, p < 10 −30 ).

Correlations between video tracker drifts and their search coil counterparts were moderate (average vertical ρ = 0.58 ± 0.09; average horizontal ρ = 0.51 ± .09) but highly significant (all p -values < 10 –30 ).

The purple regression line shows the highly significant correlation with log(income) that has been previously identified for the Gallup data ( P < 10 −30 ).

For example, in a recent meta-analysis of published studies, Li and colleagues (2011) reported that the association between rs1229984 and alcoholism is highly significant ( P < 10 −30 ) in Asian populations.

The negative association between the changes at ZGA and upon Snrpb/d2 overexpression is highly significant ( P = 1.1 × 10 −30 , binomial test), suggesting that higher Snrpb/d2 levels before ZGA maintain alternative exon patterns in a more pre-ZGA state, a trend that was also observed for all exons together (fig.

For example, Pfam domains exhibit a highly significant, negative correlation between domain promiscuity (see Methods ) and sequence identity (ρ = −0.21, p = 2.08 e −30 , Spearman test).

Functional analysis also implicated olfactory activity as a highly significant ( P = 2.310 × 10 –30 ) function of the top 100 most saturated downregulated genes.

Across cell types and haplotypes, we found a positive and highly significant correlation (Pearson correlation; cell type: p = 2.36 × 10 −30 , haplotype p = 6.76 × 10 −4 , Fig. 7d ) between gene expression fold change and chromatin loop fold change, and between H3K27ac fold change and loop fold change (Pearson correlation; cell type: p = 6.6 × 10 −211 ; haplotype: p = 4.63 × 10 −5 , Fig. 7e ).

In contrast to the above mutation hotspots, phosphosites in TP53 termini appear as highly significant mutation deserts (three pSNVs observed, 67±8 expected, P =2.8 × 10 −30 from ActiveDriver).

Specifically, M186 was enriched (Adj p = 3.8e−03) for class-switched memory B cells ( BANK1 , IGHA2 , PAX5 , and SPIB ), whereas M181 showed highly significant enrichment (Adj p = 3.6e−30) for plasma cells ( FCRLA , HERPUD 1, JCHAIN , MZB1 , TNFRSF17 , and multiple V region genes).