“a decreasing trend”

A decreasing trend was observed in clusters 1, 5, 7, and 8 across the lifespan, from infant to old age.

In contrast, during the initial reaction stage, the Pt‐CO species exhibited a decreasing trend under the ramping conditions, and an increasing trend under the constant‐temperature conditions (Figure 9 ).

Overall, SLCCT showed a decreasing trend with increasing myopia severity, particularly at the subfoveal and nasal locations.

At the 6-month postoperative mark, patients’ depression scores showed a decreasing trend over time, indicating a gradual alleviation of depressive symptoms.

Moxifloxacin exhibited a decreasing trend in susceptibility (100% at baseline to 80% at 1 mg/mL), although this did not reach statistical significance ( p = 0.052).

Of note, this atypical memory B-cell subset demonstrated a decreasing trend, representing 4.5% of the total B-cell compartment at the last follow-up.

Enriched genera such as Bifidobacterium , Lactobacillus , and Clostridium may directly produce indole-3-lactic acid, indole-3-aldehyde, or related metabolites, whereas Bacteroides , one of the major taxa associated with tryptophanase activity, showed a decreasing trend ( Wang et al., 2019 ).

In the Perinatal AIDS Collaborative Transmission Study, the incidence of non-ocular CMV disease before and after January 1997 (pre-ART and ART eras) declined from 1.4 per 100 child-years to 0.1 per 100 child-years, with CMV retinitis rates declining from 0.7 to 0.0 per 100 child-years; with a decreasing trend in opportunistic infections that continued in the next decade after introduction of ART [ 60 , 61 ].

Similarly, FASN protein expression demonstrates a decreasing trend during productive BoAHV-1 infection in both MDBK and Neuro-2A cells.

The influence of salinity on calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) precipitation at different NaCl concentrations (0, 1, 2.5, and 5%) indicates a decreasing trend in CaCO 3 formation with increasing salt content ( Figure 3 ).

This cytosolic accumulation was not accompanied by a corresponding protein increase in the membrane fraction; instead, a decreasing trend in membrane-associated GLUT4 content was noted in the sTGF-β1n model ( Figure 3D ).

The recall-confidence curve shown in Figure 3c exhibited a decreasing trend.

Similarly, ELISA results indicated a decreasing trend in the secretion of pro‐inflammatory cytokines TNF‐α and IL‐6 following EV treatment, but no significant differences were observed among the EV groups (Figure 6G,H ).

Inference time, particularly for the best-performing models in each generation, demonstrates a decreasing trend throughout the optimization process (Fig. 4 c).

Accordingly, the numerical results also showed a decreasing trend in the volumetric water content response time, \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\:{S}_{I}$$\end{document} , at all soil depths.

Of these, 15 accounted for potential nonlinearity in the relationship: 8 reported a reverse-U-shaped relationship (defined as a pattern in which risk increases up to an optimal level followed by a subsequent decline), 15-18 , 21 , 27-29 4 observed an increasing trend, 22 , 24-26 2 identified a decreasing trend, 13 , 20 and 1 reported a pattern of consistent risk followed by a sharp decline at higher temperature. 30 Among studies reporting a reverse-U-shape, the high-risk range varied depending on both temporal (annual vs monthly) and spatial (nationwide vs subnational) measurement scales.

Analysis of serum pro-inflammatory cytokine levels showed that TNF-α levels were significantly reduced in the Hmgb1 knockout group, whereas IL-6 showed a decreasing trend without statistical significance.

Cumulative Meta‐Analysis Based on the included studies, cumulative meta‐analysis demonstrated a decreasing trend in OME recurrence between 2005 and 2019, with the recurrence rate declining from 39% to 24%.

However, as the addition level increased, a decreasing trend in various chemical forces was observed, which may be attributed to excessive okara competing with proteins for water and forming physical barriers between protein molecules, thereby limiting their effective interactions and orderly alignment ( Wang et al., 2021 ).

Although dorsal muscle crude lipid did not differ significantly among treatments, a decreasing trend was observed as dietary protein level increased, with the lowest numerical value observed in the P65 group.

However, exceeding BFLM17, crude fat and crude protein contents showed a decreasing trend with increasing BFLM replacement levels.

Figure 11 b shows a decreasing trend of R th with increasing Re .

As shown in Figure S7 b, the sheet resistance exhibits a decreasing trend with an increasing number of transfer cycles.

The closest value to significance was at CpG 13 (β = −0.516; 95% CI: −1.1471 to 0.1158, p = 0.1077), suggesting a decreasing trend, but this was not statistically significant.

The IFNβ FoP showed a decreasing trend for CB2R-treated amyopathic MoDCs cells.