“a negative trend”

During the adolescence years there was a negative trend with a decrease in SQI, SE as SF and AHI 3% increases.

For example, a decline in the number of recreation permits can be seen as a negative trend — i.e., the less people visiting trails and camping sites, the less people engaged in preserving the watershed from development.

Empirical evidence generally supports the validity of the Prebisch-Singer hypothesis on a negative trend in terms of trade for commodity-exporting countries in the long run, even though with different intensities for different commodities and periods (Harvey et al. 2010 ; Erten and Ocampo 2013 ; Baffes and Etienne 2016 ).

The results for the unemployment rate and poverty rate showed a negative trend.

Simple regression showed a negative trend for operative time with a 95%CI envelope suggesting a progressive per-case reduction.

The observed change in the galling index before and after treatment exhibited a negative trend in treated plants, indicating a reduction in both larval population in the soil and galling index on infested roots.

Spearman Correlation Analyses The results of the Spearman correlation analyses indicated a negative correlation between the “additional score” and the difference in BMI, as well as a negative trend between the “additional score” and weight difference in Group A ( Appendix A : Table A1 ).

For example, PFNA and insulin resistance showed a significant positive trend in adult females, while PFHxS showed a negative trend in adolescent females [ 35 ].

Although the observed differences were not statistically significant, the consistent decrease in the average values of root biomass may reflect a negative trend associated with increasing salinity.

The shaded areas reflect that the relation between abundance of elements and their thermodynamic stabilities alloying with hcp -Fe shows a negative trend, especially at pressures of 150 and 300 GPa.

A negative trend was observed in NK cell subsets across all DLs (Supplementary Fig.

In both crude and age-adjusted analyses, a negative trend was observed for exposure to FOPL and family income, with individuals from lower-income families having greater exposure to FOPL than higher-income individuals.

Analyzing trends by price range ( Figure 5 and Table 7 ), it emerges that in the post-lockdown period, the sales in the value of wines priced up to 3 EUR/liter increased over the previous year (+2.6%), despite the seasonal decline compared to b1, after years of a negative trend (−3% on the average).

The AAPC of ASMR showed a negative trend: -3.02% (95% CI: -3.23% to -2.80%) for both sexes, -3.30% (95% CI: -3.53% to -3.08%) for females, and -2.86% (95% CI: -3.16% to -2.56%) for males.

Regarding plant-based dietary factors, the present study found a negative trend between high-frequency consumption of soy products and the risk of precancerous SPs.

When we look at our results regarding the employment status of students while studying and IA from that angle, we can say that our study did not find a connection between students’ socioeconomic status and development of IA, which complies with the results of other similar studies [ 50 , 51 ] although some researchers found that there is a negative trend between socioeconomic status and the prevalence of IA meaning that lower socioeconomic status is connected with higher prevalence of IA [ 52 ].

For both measures, there was a negative trend when the numbers of A. petiolata increased.

One key finding is that the VPD at which the initiation of TR restrictions occurred (VPD BP ) showed a negative trend with the ratio between the maximum canopy conductance (Slope1) and the plant hydraulic conductance (K plant , Fig. 7a ).

The number of states having a negative trend in the export of non-agriculture commodities is high compared to agriculture commodities ( Fig 3b ).

In our study, we observed a negative trend between minimum nighttime temperature and sleep duration as well as between the minimal nighttime heat index and sleep duration, but these relationships were not statistically significant in either model.

Luzhou demonstrates a positive growth trajectory, whereas Kunming’s CCD shows a negative trend.

Prednisolone loading (%) significantly increased with increasing quantities of prednisolone, while there was a negative trend with kafirin quantity ( Figure 1 , Equation (3)); though this was not statistically significant ( Table 3 ).

Encouragingly there was a negative trend between anticryptosporidial activity and host cell growth inhibition (data not shown), indicating that improvements in anticryptosporidial activity are not coincident with secondary effects on the host cell.

The temporal distribution denotes a steady increase since 2008, which peaked in 2017 and has since then registered a negative trend ( Figure 3 ).

We observed a negative trend between undergraduate GPA and time to degree for all students ( Fig 2A ) suggesting that the higher a student’s undergraduate GPA, the less time it would take for that student to graduate with a PhD.