Excerpts

The difference of Firmicutes / Bacteroidetes between group G ( p = 0.078) and M ( p = 0.067) was nearly significant.

Gene categories that were significant after correction with the conservative Bonferroni correction were considered highly significant, while those significant after the less conservative Benjamini-Hochberg test were considered significant.

The recent discovery of viral miRNAs encoded in the GaHV2 genome raises the possibility that these tiny non-coding RNAs may be significant for viral pathogenesis, particularly in relation to the virus-induced tumorigenesis ( Luo et al., 2010 ; Yao and Nair, 2014 ).

Rhodobacteraceae was abundant in rearing water at all tested growth stages, whereas its relative abundance displayed a decreasing trend at mysis and postlarva stages ( Figure 7 ).

All the functional gene abundances showed an increasing trend throughout the ED treatment, while decreasing to the control level after the water addition in 2014 ( Figures 2A,D,G,J ).

Therefore, the result in Figure 2B may be significant, since the Tm-shift was observed only when the CA-polymerization could occur.

Overall, for NCry-SP there was a clear trend in summer toward increased percentages of AMSP with cell size ( Figure 3 ).

It however showed a trend of infected flies from a given focus to be separated from non-infected flies of the same focus.

The differences for IL-6, IL-2, IL-5, IL-4, and chemokine MCP-1 between GP and GP+LPS-RS treated mice were statistically significant at 6 h, while TNF-α, IL-1β, IFN-γ, IL-12, and MIP-1β levels in GP+LPS-RS treated mice also showed a definite trend toward decreased levels as compared to GP treated mice.

The Smc1 lineage displayed a moderately significant association with clean water columns, although some isolates could also be recovered from contaminated sediments using NAA, which is consistent with the MCA results presented in Figure 3 .

This may be significant for the long-term health of the linseed oil fed groups.

After dye treatment, the WTΔSrtA group was much more lightly stained than the WT group, and the visible difference between the biofilms formed under the conditions of untreated and treated with 76 μM chalcone was quite significant (Figure 4B ).

P -values of < 0.05 and < 0.01 were considered to be significant and highly significant, respectively.

bicolor strains, and there was a weak trend, of increasing ECM-RRL with increasing intraspecific L. bicolor richness under the inorganic nutrient treatment.

Another SNP in NRAMP1 showed a trend toward an association.

The deletion of iscR showed a trend to attenuate the bacterial virulence; however, the difference did not reach statistical significance.

Although the same trend was evident for females as well, the statistical analysis did not detect it (marginally non-significant).

In winter samples, sediments of B layer at mangrove forest (MG) had the lowest pH values, and the redox potential and water content values generally showed a decreasing trend along the increase of sediment depth.

The analysis shown in Figure 1C demonstrated a highly significant negative correlation between the antibody levels against either prefusion or postfusion F in the acute phase and the fold change in antibody titre one month later.

Consequently, the main general advantage of AD method, which is its large sensitivity, becomes a weakness in this application, as small differences with respect to the null distribution (that may also arise from its approximate nature), are (conveniently) not captured by KS, but are classified as statistically highly significant by AD test, leading to low AD specificity (a large number of false positives).

The most likely reason is that the randomized regions do not capture (possibly significant) negative selection that acts on σ 70 binding sites.

Time series of both indicator organisms followed a clear trend, with rapid increases and slightly slower decreases after peaking (Figure 1B ).

Expression of pilS and traL was not significantly up-regulated at this time point, but an increasing trend was seen. traI did not show up-regulation at this time point.

The levels of MMP9 and MMP12 showed a trend toward increase (Figure 4A ).

dorsalis showed an increasing trend after the leafhoppers left the virus-infected rice plants (Figure 2 ).