Excerpts

Despite all efforts to prevent complications from the disease, in recent years there has been an increasing trend in the prevalence of diabetes, mainly type 2 DM (t2DM) non-insulin dependent patients, counting for one of the main causes of mortality in European Union (EU).

Our findings demystify the reported lack of an obvious trend in root caries that was brought to light by Dye et al.

After controlling several characteristics of the children and their families, data from Young Lives sample showed a significant negative effect of poor visual acuity on mathematics tests, marginally significant for vocabulary by analyzing children aging from 7 to 8 in Peru [ 19 ].

Correlations of borderline significance were found between smoking duration and total power, and between daily exposure and HF.

In the light of this impact, a clear trend has been observed in the last years towards improving the diagnosis process for that type of diseases, aiming not only to reduce detection time but also to optimize the patient’s care and treatment, while at the same time reducing as much as possible the negative effects on their health that come mainly from late diagnosis and inappropriate treatments [ 1 ].

In this regard, some authors have suggested that r > 5 is practically significant [ 62 ].

Study Limitations and Further Considerations The OXCGRT stringency index is a ‘low resolution’ composite measure that does not account for nuances in sub-national government responses, which may be significant where state-level measures vary widely between jurisdictions (e.g., in the USA).

In addition, the bivariate associations show highly significant results (0.1% significance level) between the demographic variables (marital status, gender and ethnicity), socioeconomic status (education, employment status), mental health (depression, stress and anxiety), all diagnosed chronic diseases except urinary tract and kidney diseases and the three income groups, B40, M40 and T20 ( Table 2 ).

Immigrants represent over one fifth (21.9%) of the Canadian population, which is an increasing trend [ 6 ].

Previous studies that approached SmO 2 using other NIRS positioned in the vastus lateralis during a dynamic maximum knee extension exercise obtained results that were very similar to those obtained in this study, revealing that the knee extension exercise caused a slight increase in this variable and then a decreasing trend according to all the publications consulted [ 19 , 35 , 36 , 37 ].

Several of the significant determinants of CIM in the European sample of this study are also significant in Hong Kong, e.g., distance to school, age, neighborhood settlement types (in our sample: street connectivity, accessibility of public transportation, and availability of open spaces), and density are significant in both Europe and Hong Kong, but household income is significant in Hong Kong but only marginally significant in Europe.

The prevalence of cyberbullying perpetration, victimization, and their overlap varies in different countries and research contexts, and there has been an increasing trend in recent years [ 10 ].

The spatial distribution of Hg content showed a trend of being high in the north and low in the southwest, and the Pb content spatial distribution indicated it was high in the northwest and south, and low in the middle. 3.2.

Regarding the incidence in the general population in Münster, ASRs illustrated a decreasing trend of total GC and other/missing type of GC, whereas no significant trend for intestinal or diffuse GC could be seen.

It can be seen from Figure 3 that the spatial variation in grain yield per unit of sown area in each city is very significant, and the overall grain yield shows an increasing trend.

PC scores revealed an increasing trend in sampling sites towards downstream (particularly sites S8 and S10; refer to SI, Figure S3 ).

As shown in Figure 1 , there was a slightly increasing trend in the number of tweets related to disposable e-cigarettes over the study time period.

In recent years there has been an increasing trend in exploring the extent of SB in older people, especially in the community.

All the aforementioned studies have shown that ryegrass as high-quality pasture vegetation has highly significant effects on the environment, however, the wide application of QN antibiotics in domestic livestock industry will also have adverse effects on ryegrass.

Overall, the stone-crushers had better pulmonary function than the taxi-drivers, this being significant for FVC and nearly significant for FEV1 and MEF25 ( Table 5 ).

In contrast, PCBs, DDTs (Dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroetahne), and dioxins in the same core sample exhibited a decreasing trend.

It should be noted that parental intake of fruit, vegetables, and sugar sweetened beverages has a significant to a highly significant effect across all analyses and, in contrast to other influencing variables, has the highest contribution to children’s intake of fruit, vegetables, and sugar sweetened beverages.

However, in further analyses, after adjusting for socio-demographics, even though a clear trend was observed (OR: 1.793; 95%CI: 0.94–3.42), it did not reach statistical significance.

There is a notable trend toward using external providers in delivering swimming education.

A positive trend was observed for a newly created master at the ETHZ, where this teaching content was announced for 2021.