Excerpts

An increasing trend in charcoal burning suicide was noted in Asian countries [ 23 ].

Significance thresholds were set at P < 0.05 (significant) and P < 0.01 (highly significant).

The estimated association decreased after adjusting for covariates but remained highly significant for smoking in both parents, mothers who smoked 1–10 cigarettes/day, when both parents smoked > 20 cigarettes/day, and in mothers who smoked every day.

A decreasing trend of the proportion of cropland with an increasing altitudinal gradient in Nepal [ 50 ] might be another reason for the inverse association of elevation and probability of occurrence of scrub typhus.

As for age, there was an obvious trend that the prevalence of OA increased with age, although a slightly higher prevalence was found for the 60–69-years-old group than for the 70-years-old-and-above group in cervical OA and lumbar OA.

It showed a trend that the prevalence of OA was higher in the female population, southern regions, and the older population.

Although there has been an increasing trend of plastic waste recycling recently, the vast majority of plastics (79% in 2015) still end up in landfills or are discarded in the environment [ 2 ].

The HCR concentration at regional and national levels showed a decreasing trend between 2004 and 2007; after increasing drastically in 2008, HCR concentration remained reasonably high thereafter.

According to the law of time development, the precipitation in the whole YREB and its central and tail regions showed a fluctuating growth trend, and the fluctuation range in the central region of the YREB is relatively large, while that of the head region of the YREB showed a decreasing trend of fluctuation.

Differences in Growth and Development Stages The overweight prevalence showed an increasing trend each year in different growth and development stages.

Fortunately, the annual concentration of PM 2.5 from 2015 to 2018 presented a decreasing trend in most cities, except Jixi ( Figure 7 ).

Regarding significance testing, the item “level of anxiety in relation to playing Auskick” demonstrated a trend towards significance using the Wilcoxon signed rank test.

In this case, positive effects are generated especially by the government effectiveness (the estimated coefficient is 0.958, extremely significant at the 0.1% threshold), as well as by an increased corruption control (coefficient of 0.05), higher general (coefficient of 0.62), and environmental (coefficient of 0.04) government expenditures.

In addition, the urbanization rate and haze pollutants emitted by HDDTs exhibit a significant trend of synchronous growth.

The Moroccan enclave coefficient was nearly significant in the multivariate model (B in Table 4 ), and Moroccan enclaves had the highest cancer risk scores among all enclaves under study in the bivariate analysis ( Table 3 ).

In addition, the ESV contributions of all land-use types show a decreasing trend, except for water area.

Preliminary Evidence Figure 1 displays an increasing trend in heights across the age groups.

Results were robust to sensitivity analyses for the influence of dietary adjustment ( Table S2, Supplementary Materials ) and weight–height ratio adjustment ( Table S5, Supplementary Materials ) The nominal association of fish with higher fasting glucose in Karachi remained nominally significant in sensitivity models adjusted for fruit and vegetable consumption instead of our unhealthy diet score index, but was not significant in models unadjusted for diet; however, the point estimates for association were similar across the three models.

Although the agreement format explained more in interpersonal deviance, the total explained variance was only marginally significant.

Comparing the association between social loneliness and mental HR-QoL [std-β: −1.84; 95%-CI: −2.27 to −1.41] with that between social loneliness and physical HR-QoL [std-β: −0.95; 95%-CI: −1.44 to −0.45] reached borderline significance.

The resilience value of the industrial sub-system is shown in Figure 6 b as an increasing trend.

Whereas a decreasing trend of incident malaria has been recorded from 2000 to 2015, incidence of enteric and dengue fever has not changed overtime [ 4 ].

Results are reported in Figure 9 , showing an increasing trend of the IRR (both with and without incentives) as the number of cohabitants increase.

To be specific, (1) in low-density communities, the time required to evacuate all agents increased significantly as the proportion of vulnerable resident agents increased, and the result was similar to the previous study [ 26 ]; (2) in the medium-density communities, the total evacuation time firstly showed a slight trend of decline when the proportion of vulnerable resident agents increased from 5% to 30%, and then gradually increased when the proportion of vulnerable resident agents continued to increase; (3) in the high-density communities, the increase in the percentage of vulnerable resident agents resulted in a slight decrease in total evacuation time, which was significantly different from the other two types of communities.

Taking account of nighttime air temperature, commercial and business/industrial areas may be significant determinants of air temperature throughout the year, while residential areas are the main factors during spring and summer.