Excerpts

Unlike crowding stress exposed group, CHC stress exposure showed a trend of increase in immobility time in FST more consistently.

Nonetheless, the degree of differences in population responses and consistency with observations following natural invasions [ 13 ] suggest that these findings are biologically quite significant.

First, as can be seen in Fig 6A , the coefficient for the linear term ( β 1 = 0.726, p < 10 −7 ) is large, positive and highly significant, confirming that average performance increased with person-hours.

The observed phytoplankton TChl a biomass throughout the water column ( Fig 7 , the Z eu integrated TChl a : IN > EDGE > OUT) in the C2 had a notable trend of increasing phytoplankton biomass in the euphotic zone.

For all cement volumes, we found treatment strategies that affected fracture risk both positively and negatively; however, with a clear trend towards higher cement volumes resulting in lower predicted fracture risk.

The protein level and gene expression results were expressed as means ± SEM obtained from three to six independent experiments and p values ≤0.05 was considered as statistically significant and ≤0.005 as highly significant.

tabacum , CER6 showed a trend towards increased expression levels in PVY and CMV-infected leaves and reduced levels in TMV and PepMV-infected leaves.

Although our results demonstrated a decreasing trend of FA and MK values in the PLIC in the control group compared to the preterm group, no significant differences were found in these areas.

However, in the 3 years lag time analysis a decreasing trend for cancer mortality was observed for duration of use.

Concordantly, we observe a highly significant downregulation of ACO1 , upregulation of fatty acid synthesis genes ACLY , ACACA and FASN , and downregulation of fatty acid oxidation gene ACACB in the unbalanced dataset where PCa are compared to the stroma.

A slight trend of weight reduction was observed in treated fish, possibly due to the ceased feeding behaviour observed through the experiment, but no significant statistical differences were found in weight or length analysis.

The double mutant exhibited a two-fold lower specific activity with a clear trend to decrease kcat [ 43 ].

We found no effect of AXOS on serum levels of PCS, PCG, IS and PAG, and only a borderline significant effect (not adjusted for multi-comparison) on serum levels of TMAO.

Conclusions The present study showed a decreasing trend in the prevalence of smoking in Luxembourg between 2005 and 2008, with persistent socioeconomic inequalities in smoking.

In most cases positive anomalies continue to increase, the exceptions being the 75% and 100% simulations which, due to reduced rates of energy absorption, resulting from increased albedo and outgoing latent heat flux, have a decreasing trend following deforestation.

The pareto chart for antioxidant capacity of raspberry seed oil subjected to UAE is shown in Fig 2(C) , and the quadratic effects of both extraction temperature and sonication time as well as the linear effect of sonication time were highly significant.

The probabilities from the planned contrasts for sex differences were both marginally significant: 0.0477 (2 hours) and 0.0497 (4 hours).

Despite the fact that major morphological differences were not observed in mutant UGS until P0, RNA-seq analysis of E18.5 mutant UGS detected a massive difference in gene expression between mutant and wild type mice with highly significant functional enrichments.

During the study period, we observed an increasing trend in the prevalence of ADR-CRM in subjects under first-line schemes, but not significant changes in the prevalence of SDRM.

A significant effect for antibiotics (OR = 0.4, 95% CI 0.2–0.8) and a marginally significant effect for nervous system disorders was observed.

However, we reported highly significant effects of Indigenous status on hospital utilisation and any potential misclassification is likely to have biased towards the null.

Neither treatment modified triglyceride or HDL-c serum levels, although there was a slight trend towards increased HDL-c levels in response to GQ-16 treatment ( Table 1 ).

On the other hand, this BAT depot was darker and showed a trend towards decreased (by 49.7%) mass in response to GQ-16 treatment ( Fig 4A and 4B ).

In contrast, the percentage of repetitions showed marginally significant negative correlations only with spatial span measures (-0.15) and question completion time (-0.18).

Interestingly, we also find a slight trend that the WW pattern becomes more preferred, and the TT pattern less preferred, when we exclude more repeated activities with relatively shorter time intervals (and thus a smaller ξ ).