Excerpts

The fungal communities showed a trend similar to that of the bacterial communities.

There was also an observed trend for lower long-term mortality with the use of HAART in this setting.

A decreasing trend in the annual prevalence of cc41/44 isolates was observed in both states ( Fig 3 ) over the study period.

It can be seen that, after δ 2,1 is introduced in the model specification, δ 1,1 becomes insignificant but δ 2,1 becomes highly significant as indicated by the t-statistics.

Administration of the probiotic showed a trend to improve the fecal consistency with decreases in the fecal score in both challenged and non-challenged animals (1.8 ± 0.13 for control vs . 1.4 ± 0.13 for probiotic; P = 0.051 for Days 1 to 3 PI).

Although not statistically significant, animals treated with rTgPI-1 alone showed a trend to diminished IgE antibodies.

Temperature exhibited a somewhat significant correlation with air pollution variables, with the strongest negative correlation observed for NO2 (r = - 0.758).

Several studies have indicated a decreasing trend of dementia prevalence and incidence [ 44 – 50 ], primarily due to higher educational levels and a reduction of vascular risk factors, especially stroke [ 51 ].

In addition, the 4 th and 5 th highest quintiles of PRS for AM were associated with increased breast cancer risk, with a borderline significant trend; yet no association was found with PRS for ANM.

We replicated a number of variants in EA women, including rs7759938 in LIN28B for AM and rs16991615 in MCM8 for ANM; whereas in the AA group, only one SNP (rs2947411 in TMEM18 ) for AM was directionally consistent and nominally significant.

In our study, germination rate of conidia showed an increasing trend after high temperature-treatment for different time periods.

The effect of Condition that included IS-pre and IS-post was highly significant.

In a multivariate model for MFS, the adherence showed a marked trend toward a significant prognostic factor (adjusted hazard ratio: 2.464; 95% CI: 0.876–6.932).

For example, the Q 10 values calculated by O’connel model at 20°C nearly keep the same with the Q 10 values calculated by First–ordered exponential model, and remained unchanged during the incubation, while the Q 10 values calculated by O’connel model at 10°C show an increasing trend with increasing incubation time.

In Malaysia, during the period 2002–2010, the incidence rate of dengue was 125 cases per 100,000 population, with an increasing trend observed in the annual number of dengue cases reported during the same period [ 2 ].

There is a clear trend of coastal populations growing globally, with an estimated 230% increase (from 2000 to 2030) in the size of urban areas within the Low Elevation Coastal Zone (LECZ)—defined as “the contiguous area along the coast that is less than 10 meters above sea level”, and which accounts for only 2% of the planet’s total land area [ 3 , 4 ].

In addition, with the advance of multimodal imaging and high throughput genotyping techniques, “Imaging genetics”-a multidisciplinary research field that integrates imaging and genetics-displays an increasing trend, accompanied by relevant topics including various imaging modalities, genetics as well as analytical algorithms.

Under adequate P supply, a clear trend in increased P content with longer duration of P supply was only observed in the leaves ( Fig 2D ), with few significant differences due to P withdrawal observed in other tissue types.

In the pT3 tumors, the 5-year overall survival rate was 26.5% for the pN3a tumors (n = 106) and 17.1% for the pN3b tumors (n = 79); this difference was not significant ( P = 0.110), although the survival curves showed a trend for better survival with pN3a tumors than with pN3b tumors ( S1 Fig ).

Altitudinal changes in species richness and abundance of soil microfauna Total richness and abundance of rotifers and nematodes showed a significant unimodal response in Tso Moriri with a mid-elevation peak, while in Zanskar only nematodes exhibited a marginally significant unimodal abundance response ( Fig 3 ).

Here, archaeobotanical finds suggest an increasing trend of cultivation from the 9 th to the 7 th century BC [ 3 ].

Although a significant trend was not present, we speculated that a short duration of high fat intake could explain this observation.

The number of CPE cases/year was low (2–14 cases/year), but an increasing trend was observed.

Diversity showed slight differences with depth but differed from the pattern exhibited in the “old” areas of the Potter Cove, and in the majority of Antarctic coastal areas, where a marked trend of diversity increment with increasing depth was reported [ 50 , 62 – 65 ].

While ANOVA revealed a main effect and pre-planned comparisons were nominally significant, this was no longer apparent after Bonferroni correction, except for shorter tail length in Flu-DHT-treated males.