Excerpts

Figure 2 E shows an increasing trend in water use efficiency (WUE) values for both varieties as light intensity increased from 0 to 1000 μmol m −2 s −1 .

Regarding the correlations among population-level flowering parameters, highly significant positive correlations (correlation coefficient > 0.9) were observed among the first, peak, and last flowering dates ( Figure 2 B), demonstrating a high degree of intrinsic coordination among these three phenological events at the population level.

At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria increased the most; at the genus level, Sphingomonas and Bradyrhizobium showed an increasing trend.

On the other hand, although we did not see a significant effect of heat in fruit firmness, we did see a marked trend toward softer fruits in contrast with the controls ( Table 1 ).

Individual studies did not find such a clear trend for all three elements, but higher Cu [ 1 ] and Fe [ 3 ] concentrations were observed in red cultivars grown in Italy and the Balkan countries.

A decreasing trend in PMC was observed over the growing season, reflecting increased water consumption and physiological changes during crop development.

During budding stage, IAA and CTK levels exhibited an increasing trend, whereas at the flowering stage, stem tissue showed lower IAA and CTK levels than leaf tissue ( Figure 5 ; Table S7 ).

In Zone III (100–150 mm), overall, as soil depth increases, the silt content showed a trend of first decreasing and then fluctuating; the very fine sand content showed a decreasing trend but remained relatively stable; the fine sand content fluctuates, exhibiting different patterns across different plantation ages and depths; the content of medium and coarse sand fluctuated significantly; the decrease in gravel content within Zone III plantations was relatively small, indicating that saxaul plantations in the moderate-precipitation zone cause minimal surface disturbance.

In contrast, the expression of these genes in the S genotype remained relatively stable or exhibited only slight, transient fluctuations, resulting in highly significant expression differences between S and R at later time points.

In terms of appearance quality, the chalky grain percentage and chalkiness degree showed a decreasing trend.

Panicle length displayed a decreasing trend with increasing deficit severity at the jointing–booting stage.

In contrast, surface bulk density was not significantly correlated with available phosphorus or total potassium (r = 0.21–0.47) but exhibited a strong positive correlation with pH (r = 0.98) and significant to highly significant negative correlations with the remaining variables (r = −0.90 to −0.99).

planispinum individuals ( Figure 4 a) exhibited a highly significant positive correlation with temperature, photosynthetically active radiation, and soil moisture across all three layers, and a significant positive correlation with precipitation.

From the perspective of viewing geometry, canopy temperature generally exhibited a decreasing trend with increasing relative azimuth angle between the sensor viewing direction and the solar incident direction.

Without considering angular effects, all three CWSI indices showed an increasing trend with increasing water stress severity.

This decline is driven by diminishing profitability in marginal areas [ 152 ], due to lower productions, with a negative trend that could consolidate in the next few years because of reduction in winter chilling units and significant earlier phenological development [ 153 ].

This demonstrates a clear trend: higher drip irrigation frequency leads to better water-saving effects.

The integration of multi-omics with traditional culture experiments is increasingly regarded as an important trend in plant endophyte research.

mukorossi generally displayed a decreasing trend.

Sucrose content in both pulp and kernels exhibited an increasing trend.

Regional climate projections for the Canary Islands indicate a clear trend towards warmer and drier conditions during the 21st century, with mean temperature increases of ~2–4 °C by 2070–2100 under high-emission scenarios and a marked rise in drought and aridity indices, particularly at mid-elevations where P. canariensis forests are concentrated [ 14 , 41 ].

inermis , showing an obvious trend of the first cut > the second cut > the third cut across different cutting stages.

Results Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the main effects of cultivar, N application rate, and N application ratio were highly significant, whereas the effect of year was non-significant.

At 50 μM, the inhibitory effect was highly significant, and the frond area also decreased significantly ( Figure 1 A–C).

The localization of a SAG12-GFP fusion in SAVs is quite significant in view of the strict senescence-associated expression of SAG12 [ 58 , 59 , 60 ], and this makes SAG12-GFP a convenient and specific marker for SAVs.