Excerpts

Using an Analysis of variance, we found highly significant differences ( p < 2.2 × 10 −16 ) and a non-parametric Wilcoxon Mann–Whitney test confirmed the significant differences of absolute Spearman correlation in healthy versus diseased samples ( p < 2.2 × 10 −16 ).

The Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient of nucleotide diversity by gene between species was positive and highly significant for both diversity measures ( π : ρ = 0.36, P value < 2.2e-16; θ W : ρ = 0.38, P value < 2.2e-16) for a subset of 6,798 genes with these statistics available in both species ( supplementary fig.

83.36%, respectively), although the difference was highly significant (two-sided Brunner–Munzel paired-rank test, P < 2.2 × 10 −16 ).

The observed overlap was highly significant ( P value < 2.2 × 10 −16 ), indicating strong concordance between the 2 datasets.

This revealed a highly significant agreement of the number of events between paired replicates (Supplementary Fig. 2b , Pearson's correlation 0.997, n = 30, two-sided, p value < 2.2e−16), indicating that uvCLAP events capture the amount of pulled down RNA exceptionally well.

Further constraining the thresholds led to highly significant misfits for both positive and negative factors (positive factors, Δ χ 2 397.1, Δ DF 116, p < 2.2E-16; negative factors, Δ χ 2 444.5, Δ DF 52, p < 2.2E-16).

This difference was highly significant ( P < 2.2 × 10 −16 ).

The variance of differences for the genomic GC proportion in humans, mice, and fruit flies respectively is σ ^ n 2 = ( 0.000673 , 0.00055 , 0.00103 ) compared to σ ^ r 2 = ( 0.00469 , 0.00552 , 0.0021 ) for the permuted genome sequence, with the ratios being highly significant in all cases (F-test with p-value p < 2.2 e - 16 ).

This targeting is highly significant as compared to the targeted human proteome counterpart (exact Fisher test, p value <2,2×10 −16 ).

We found a highly significant enrichment (Fig. 5 ; P < 2.2e-16) of small GWA P values for LD blocks with a sQTL in the German DCM GWAS (909 cases versus 2120 controls), which was subsequently replicated ( P < 2.2e-16) in the international DCM GWAS (1179 cases versus 1108 controls).

Notably, while the in vitro and the denatured control samples slightly but significantly anticorrelated (average PCC = −0.07, Edgington-combined FDR-adjusted P -value = 3.3e–6), a moderate yet highly significant correlation was instead detected between the in vivo and the denatured control samples (average PCC = 0.18, Edgington-combined FDR-adjusted P -value < 2.2e–16).

As expected, we observed a highly significant difference between RefSeq mRNAs (NM) and RefSeq non-coding RNAs (NR) for both the CPC and the RNA-code score (CPC t = 56.4326 [2.239631;2.400904], p-value<2.2×10 −16 , RNAcode t = 39.6171 [34.44711;38.03595], p-value<2.2×10 16 ).

As with sequence similarity, whereas there is a significant trend for proteins that are among the top 0.5% of co-expressing pairs to share related ligands, (χ 2 = 1.3e3, p < 2.2e-16), pragmatically the effect size is marginal and only 9.3% of the top 15% of co-expressed pairs show any SEA interactions at all ( Fig 1B ).

The complete monotherapy rates for SGAs without other psychotropic medications in 2001, 2006, 2011, 2016 and 2021 were only 0.7%, 2.7%, 3.5%, 5.0% and 6.3%, respectively ( Table 1 ), with an increasing trend (χ2 = 37.6, df = 1, p = 9.0×10 −10 ). The rates of FGA use in 2001, 2006, 2011, 2016 and 2021 were 85.6%, 77.5%, 70.7%, 65.1% and 54.7%, respectively ( Table 1 and Figure 1A ), with a decreasing trend (χ2 = 190.2, df = 1, p < 2.2×10 −16 ).

Moreover, the relationship between the two methods of load estimation was highly significant (F 1,72 = 2420, p = 2.2 × 10 −16 ), and the slope was not significantly different from 1 (0.96, 95% CI [0.97, 1.05]), supporting the hypothesis that only Wolbachia w Sc1 and w Sc2 circulate in the S. cleopatrae flea populations.

We observe a highly significant 3-way MT × N × E interaction ( P << 2.2 × 10 −16 ) ( Table 1 ) and highly significant MT × N epistasis within each of the 6 conditions ( Table 2 ).

Before harmonization, a Type III ANOVA revealed a highly significant site effect on global mean connectivity (F(12, 623) = 9.65, p < 2.2 × 10 −16 ).

In Additional file we present a case study (Additional file 1 : Figure S12), in which an asymmetric binding complex (the FOXA1/AR) showed a highly significant 4 bp shift between its components ( P < 2.2x10 -16 according to the Wilcoxon signed-rank test), while symmetrically binding controls show no shift (Additional file 1 : Figure S13), which gives further support to the general applicability of the analysis principle.

Based on mutation screening and results from 2SC immunohistochemistry, the difference in MED12 mutation and biallelic FH inactivation frequencies between uterine leiomyomas from HLRCC patients and sporadic conventional uterine leiomyomas is highly significant ( P <2.2 × 10 −16 ).

Analysis of application inflow Davies‘ test for significance of breakpoints resulted in a highly significant change in the slope of the participant inflow ( p -value < 2.2e − 16 ).

This is a highly significant (p < 2.2 × 10 −16 ) excess (see Materials and Methods), suggesting some concordance in signal at the individual gene level.

Consistent with previous reports ( Vetter et al., 2004 ), there were highly significant differences in both impedance magnitude ( Figure 5B : χ 2 = 311.86, p < 2.2 × 10 −16 , df = 8; Kruskal–Wallis test) and phase angle ( Figure 5C : χ 2 = 164.72, p < 2.2 × 10 –16 , df = 8; Kruskal–Wallis test) during the first WPI.

The Kruskal–Wallis test revealed highly significant differences between conditions at 0–24 h (H = 147.38, df = 2, p = 2.2 × 10 −16 ) and 24–48 h (H = 121.46, df = 2, p = 2.2 × 10 −16 ).

This difference in size between the three types was highly significant for both length ( F = 328.7, df = 368, p = 2.2e‐16) and weight ( F = 478.2, df = 368, p = 2.0e‐16), with highly significant differentiation between even the closest two types (kokanee and hybrid; length: F = 20.3, df = 301, p = 9.51e‐0; weight: F = 44.61 df = 301 p = 1.16e‐10).

Altogether, these results suggest that moonlighting proteins are prone to be involved in human diseases as it is pointed by it respective ODD ratios; 16.47 (CI 95% 10.95–25.44) in the OMIM analysis being highly significant (Fisher’s exact test value; p < 2.2e-16) (See S6 Table).