“a decreasing trend”

Compared to the above two enzymes, GSH-Px activity had a decreasing trend and was lower than that of the control group.

Regarding spatial trends, snow density across the High Mountain Asia generally exhibited a decreasing trend, although some regions experienced increases ( Fig 3b ).

The results revealed a decreasing trend in family size from 1991 to 2020.

If the upper limit of both EAPC and its 95% CI is negative, its corresponding rate shows a decreasing trend; conversely, if the lower limit of both an EAPC and its 95% CI is positive, its corresponding rate shows an increasing trend.

DALYs showed a decreasing trend in most regions, though certain areas, including Central Asia and Eastern Europe, demonstrated increases.

In line with the human findings, circTSN expression in lung tissues showed a decreasing trend in COPD mice and a partial restoration following treadmill exercise, whereas miR-144-3p exhibited the opposite pattern ( Figures 2E , F ).

A positive value for τ indicates an increasing trend over time whilst a negative τ indicates a decreasing trend.

Although IL-6 levels showed only a decreasing trend following agomelatine treatment, this reduction was not reversed by STAT3 inhibition.

SCFA profile changes SGD significantly increased total SCFA levels, especially acetate, propionate, and butyrate, while branched-chain SCFAs (isobutyrate, valerate, and isovalerate) showed a decreasing trend ( Figure 4 ).

A decreasing trend was observed in the activated Tregs, although it did not reach statistical significance ( p = 0.074).

There was a decreasing trend in error, indicating that the ANN successfully captured the nonlinear relationship between the input parameters and τ by adjusting its weights to minimize prediction errors.

In contrast, ‘Tifdwarf’ displayed an overall increase in MDA content under FS compared to CK, which was reversed to a decreasing trend after Spd treatment ( Figure 6 ).

For Figure 4B , IL-1β levels showed no significant differences among the three groups (P > 0.05), though the CTS group exhibited a decreasing trend compared to the Model group.

Moreover, the CVs showed a decreasing trend between rounds, indicating increasing consensus among experts.

Relative humidity From 1991 to 2020, the average relative humidity in Xinjiang was 52.98%, exhibiting a decreasing trend at a rate of −1.38%/10a.

In group B, muscle fibers exhibited a decreasing trend compared to group A, although the differences were not statistically significant ( P > 0.05).

Tnf expression showed a decreasing trend in both qPCR and scRNA-seq analyses, consistent with the reduction in activated neutrophils and IFN neutrophils expressing Tnf ( Figures 4A–C , Supplementary Figure 5 ).

The tensile properties of the films showed a substantial increase with the addition of BRA and a decreasing trend with the addition of PEP.

Although a decreasing trend in MORPH concentration was also observed in brain tissue following NU-1000 treatment, the difference did not reach statistical significance ( Figure A).

By calculating the ESV of the PRD region, we found that its ecosystem service value showed a decreasing trend from 2011 to 2022.

A decreasing trend in ASPR was observed in 173 countries or territories, with Nigeria showing the largest decline (EAPC = − 1.59 [95% CI − 1.76 to − 1.41]; Fig. 3 C and Supplementary Table S1).

In terms of sex, the incidence of osteoporotic hip fractures showed a decreasing trend in both males and females.

Similarly, fungal burden in the spleen showed a decreasing trend at day 7 in the high-dose cohort ( Fig. 2E ) and was generally low at the time of mortality in the low-dose cohorts ( Fig. 2I ), consistent with clearance from these organs over time.

From 2017 to 2023, the number of incidents or clues reported by health and family planning supervision and assistance and the number of field inspections of foodborne diseases, drinking water sanitation and safety, school health, illegal medical practice and illegal blood collection and supply, and family planning showed a decreasing trend.

A positive lower bound indicated an increasing trend, while a negative value suggested a decreasing trend.