“a decreasing trend”

The anserine values showed a decreasing trend in meats: I > FR > O pigs, ( P < 0.05).

Serum testosterone, FSH, and LH concentration showed a slight increase on d 13, followed by a sharp decrease on d 27 and 45 ( P < 0.01), while PRL concentrations were low on d 0 and 13, and increased rapidly on d 27 and 45 ( P < 0.01).The expression pattern of GnRH, FSH, LH, and THRβ mRNA were similar, with high levels on d 0 and 13 and a decreasing trend on d 27 and 45 ( P < 0.05 or P < 0.01); and GnRHR mRNA levels were higher on d 13 ( P < 0.05), but then had decreased by d 27 and 45 ( P < 0.01).

Although there was a decreasing trend in the IRS-1 mRNA expression level in cells transfected with miR-126 mimic, it did not reach statistical significance between the two groups tested ( P >0.05) ( Figure 3B ).

In uPA-treated rats, TIMP-1 mRNA level had a decreasing trend compared to AdGFP-treated rats ( P >0.05).

3C ) and the protein expression of 5-HT 2A displayed a decreasing trend ( P >0.05; Fig. 3A ).

Milk and dairy products were the major contributors to energy intake from beverages for children aged 3 to 6 and 7 to 10 years old, with a decreasing trend associated with increases in age (p<0.05).

Compared with the Control group, the Model group exhibited significantly elevated levels of TG, TC, and LDL-C in both serum and liver tissue ( p < 0.001), while serum HDL-C levels showed a decreasing trend without statistical significance ( p > 0.05).

A total of 10 ARGs types exhibited a decreasing trend, among which 6 ARGs types were significantly decreased, including beta-lactam ( P < 0.05, R 2 = 0.61), MLS ( P < 0.05, R 2 = 0.53), quinolone ( P < 0.01, R 2 = 0.84) and tetracycline ( P < 0.05, R 2 = 0.64) (Fig. 5a ).

Additionally, in PCOS rats, spleen weight exhibited a decreasing trend without statistical significance (ANOVA, P > 0.05), whereas the spleen index was significantly reduced (ANOVA, P < 0.05), suggesting impaired systemic immune function.

A decreasing trend of incidence was observed in all ages, and in both age groups in the years 2020–2022 that was not statistically significant( P >0.05).

Initially, all groups had a pH value of 7.4 ( p > 0.05), and an increasing trend was observed in the pH of the groups until day 8 ( p < 0.05), and then in some treatments there was a decreasing trend until the end of the storage period (day 18) ( p < 0.05).

The activity of amylase and trypsin in the duodenum were significantly reduced ( p <0.05), the lipase activity was non-significantly different ( p >0.05); the trypsin in the jejunum was significantly reduced ( p <0.05), but the activity of amylase and lipase showed a decreasing trend ( p >0.05); the amylase and trypsin activities in the ileum were significantly decreased ( p <0.05), while that of lipase were non-significantly changed ( p >0.05), as shown in Table 4 .

The first category included seven key aroma components that showed a decreasing trend from early to late spring ( p < 0.05): geraniol, linalool, and D-limonene, which contribute to floral aroma; 3-ethyl-2,5-dimethyl-pyrazine, which contributes to roasted aroma; and methyl salicylate and nonanal, which contribute to clean and refreshing notes.

Although Klebsiella showed a decreasing trend, the difference was not statistically significant ( p > 0.05).

Among saturated fatty acids, short- and medium-chain fatty acids (C10:0, C12:0, and C14:0) showed a decreasing trend with increasing replacement level ( p < 0.05), while palmitic acid (C16:0) remained relatively stable ( p > 0.05).

Although the IL‐6 mRNA expression levels showed a decreasing trend in all treatment groups compared to the H 2 O 2 group, the reduction was not statistically significant ( p > 0.05); however, IL‐6 protein levels were significantly decreased across the treatment groups ( p < 0.01). 3.5 Hesperidin Modulates Key Inflammatory and MMP Genes The effect of Hesperidin on the gene expression of NF‐κB and COX‐2 , two key mediators of neuroinflammation, was analyzed using the RT‐qPCR method.

5A ). However, by day 14, the CON group showed a significant decrease in shear force (p<0.05), which was indicative of textural degradation. Although C1.5G3M0 exhibited a decreasing trend, the MEO-treated samples effectively maintained their initial shear force values (p>0.05; Fig. 5A ).

After 6 weeks of intervention, EG showed a decreasing trend in both WA% and Pi10 across all GOLD grades, with the most notable improvement observed in GOLD II–III patients ( P < 0.05), suggesting initial amelioration of airway remodeling.

Although the intergroup difference in PI was not significant, we observed a decreasing trend after PKM2 siRNA transfection ( P > 0.05).

The Ace index was significantly lower in the PA_HFD group than in the HFD group ( p < 0.01), and the Chao index showed a decreasing trend ( p > 0.05) ( Figure 6 A,B).

The protein and fat intake from the noodle type initially showed a decreasing trend but began to increase with aging after 8–15 years in almost all generations in both sexes (p < 0.05 for difference in slope).

denticola exhibited an increasing trend in severe stroke cases ( P <0.05), whereas the Actinomycetota , Lautropia, Peptidiphaga , Neisseria flava, and Actinomyces naeslundii showed a decreasing trend ( P <0.05) (Figure 3 ).

Moreover, the results indicated that serum levels of TNF-α were significantly increased in the early hours, but after 48 h a decreasing trend was detected ( p < 0.05).

Following heparin administration, serum HP levels increased significantly ( p < 0.05), while MK and PTN levels showed a decreasing trend that did not reach statistical significance ( p > 0.05).

Changes in CT in the SMILE group CT-C, CT-N1, CT-N2, CT-S1, CT-S2, CT-I1 and CT-I2 were significantly increased at 1 week postoperatively compared with their preoperative levels (P<0.001), followed by a decreasing trend and the return to preoperative thickness by 3 months after surgery (P>0.05).