“a negative trend”

A negative trend in pomological traits is evident among the F1 progenies resulting from this reciprocal crossbreeding combination.

Results A negative trend of QOL with frailty status was found for almost all dimensions of QOL (health, independence, home and neighbourhood, psychological and emotional well-being, and leisure, activities and religion) except for social relationships and participation and financial circumstances.

As a result, the interpretation of DALYs attributed to NAFLD, particularly when there is a negative trend in mortality or disability, should be approached with caution [ 10 , 37 ].

A negative trend in the relationship between δ 13 C enamel and δ 18 O enamel values is observed when all archaeological teeth are considered, suggesting that there is no connection between aridity and dietary signals ( Fig. 6 ).

Partial correlative analyses indicated a negative trend relationship between the FA and the clinical score.

For social workers from control group offices, there was a negative trend for several of the measures, including professional competences, working alliance, quality of work supervision and system-oriented efforts.

Several recent epidemiological studies have indicated that the frequency of eating breakfast regularly has been gradually decreasing over time and that it follows a negative trend as a function of age [ 21 ].

Meanwhile, FreeSurfer and FSL seem to be reaching a phase of stabilization while SPM reached its peak around 2004 and it is starting a negative trend.

It is remarkable, in comparison with our data, that in the USA a negative trend in the hospitalization rate was observed, although hospital outpatients increased by 40%.

The relationship presents a negative trend, as a lower skewness generally means a higher proportion of people in relatively inaccessible areas.

When we separately pooled these data sets (zinc + iron), the pooled effect size showed a negative trend -0.10 [95 % CI -0.21, 0.01].

However, studies published in the last decade that define innovativeness on the basis of therapeutic value all report a negative trend in the innovativeness of new drugs, despite using different approaches to measurement and reporting time periods varying from 1990–2003 to 2001–2010.

Warfarin showed a negative trend both through the prepandemic period and the pandemic period, with a numerical immediate increase in the monthly units.

The literature has already shown a negative trend in interest in surgical training.

Although TGFB1, FN1, and COL1A1 showed a negative trend, their correlations with eGFR were not statistically significant.

The correlation between stress and sleep quality was − 0.27, also showing a negative trend, though weaker in magnitude, supporting that psychological stress served as an important factor in declining sleep quality.

Based on the retrospective assessment of the three months HRQoL at 6 months, patients had overestimated their pain level with a negative trend of item easiness parameter according to the LLRA.

The difference between bone age and chronological age again showed a negative trend, consistent with the 6-month findings.

Of non-rainforest woody areas, 4.00% showed a significant positive change in NDVI, and 3.52% showed a negative trend ( table 2 ).

Our sensitivity analysis for clinical performance showed similar results (see Appendix 1 ); we found a positive secular trend in the control group for indicator 17 and a negative trend for indicator 4 in both the control and intervention group and no significant differences in performance between groups.

A detailed analysis of all time trends (Section C.1 in S1 File ) demonstrates that the changes are statistically significant at conventional levels in all three system support variables showing a negative trend (level of democracy, pride in citizenship, satisfaction with the political system), and that they are present in all four countries using the pooled estimates.

Linear regression analysis confirmed the existence of a negative trend in each pulsotype (Table 1 ).

The trend of SH may be driven by an increase in natural emissions, as suggested by positive trends of aerosol loading and N d over remote oceans, and a negative trend in parts of coastal regions (Figs. 1 and S2 ).

Although we observed a negative trend later on, it was significant only in 10% of regions (South West).

Both the PC1 and TPI time series show a negative trend for the 44-year period between 1979 and 2022, contributing to strengthen the zonal SST gradient.