“showed a trend”

A similar pattern was observed for clinical TNM stage, where CT-CRT showed a trend toward improved DFS in advanced stages (III-IV), with an HR of 0.550 (95% CI: 0.301–1.005), but no significant effect in earlier stages (I–II), with an HR of 1.128 (95% CI: 0.437–2.911).

Non-responders showed a trend of elevated ( > 1.5×) serum interleukin (IL)-6, IL-17, IL-12, IL-23, matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), MMP-10 and soluble IL-2-receptor (Fig. 2f ).

Apathetic PD patients showed a trend towards reduced FC between the left anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and the left nucleus accumbens (NAcc).

This result demonstrated that Gli1-derived chondrocytes are required to compensate for cell-cycle arrest in the fetal cartilage, although it did not rule out more subtle effects in Gli-Cart-DTA pups, which showed a trend towards decreased bone length.

Within the HBV (hepatitis B virus) subgroup, LLR was associated with significantly better OS compared to SBRT ( p = 0.020), and showed a trend toward improved RFS, although the difference did not reach statistical significance ( p = 0.084).

SBP showed a trend toward a positive association with amyloid PET burden.

In PENSA trial, combining lifestyle intervention with EGCG showed a trend toward cognitive improvement that became significant after a three month washout, indicating potential long term benefits in APOE -ε4 carriers with SCD [ 51 ].

This inflammation score showed a trend to increase in vehicle‐treated Ts65Dn mice compared to controls and was significantly decreased by rimonabant treatment (Figure 4F ).

Moreover, the expression of the mitochondrial GSH transporter, OGC was significantly reduced in HC and LPS-treated HC mice that was rescued by SAM and l -CySSG treatments; NAC showed a trend toward improvement without reaching significance in LPS-treated HC mice.

In the second interim analysis, compared with chemotherapy alone, sintilimab in combination with IBI305 plus chemotherapy or combined with chemotherapy showed a trend toward a certain survival benefit (21.1 vs 20.5 vs 19.2 months).

high- complexity medical simulation showed a trend with serum cortisol levels generally matching anxiety scores, though not at statistically significant levels [ 72 ].

In our study, the Moderate-Severe HCA group showed a trend towards lower gestational age at PPROM and birth weight compared to the No/Mild HCA group.

Interestingly, baseline severity scores such as the APACHE II score did not significantly differ between the groups and even showed a trend toward being lower in the high-score group.

One study showed a trend toward reduced T2DM incidence postpartum in women with prior gestational diabetes, though results were not statistically significant [ 28 ].

Given that teicoplanin therapy, compared with vancomycin, showed a trend toward higher mortality and a shorter time to AAT in the univariable analysis, underdosing of teicoplanin could have attenuated the benefit of early AAT.

Association between AIP and HF Risk analysis for HF showed a trend opposite to the other outcomes: KM curve analysis revealed that the lowest AIP quartile (Q1) had the highest cumulative risk, while the highest quartile (Q4) had the lowest.

On the other hand, patients with CCND1 or FGF19 amplification showed a trend towards higher recurrence risk in our cohort.

In contrast, maternal baseline BMI showed a trend towards a negative relationship with biomarker levels, which could be attributed to physiological changes in pregnancy, including hemodilution.

Although embryos injected with 70-kDa dextran showed a trend toward greater diffusion in the VEGF-treated inserts, this difference was not statistically significant.

FRAX scores showed a trend toward higher estimated 10-year fracture risk in the TGD groups, for both hip and major osteoporotic fractures, although these differences were not statistically significant (Supplementary Fig. 1).

While complication rates such as dry socket and erythema were not statistically different among groups, diabetic patients showed a trend toward greater inflammatory response.

Therefore, students in legal and humanities area, the scientific area, and the medical area showed a trend toward a lower probability of giving the second answer compared to students belonging to healthcare area, with ORs of 0.27 (95% CI 0.15; 0.49) for legal and humanities area, 0.28 (95% CI 0.08; 0.98) for scientific area, and 0.60 (95% CI 0.37; 0.98) for medical area.

Other interventions—including propofol (MD = −2.1, 95% CrI: −4.3 to 0.082), pethidine plus sedatives (MD = −1.7, 95% CrI: −3.7 to 0.43), and fentanyl plus sedatives (MD = −1.4, 95% CrI: −3.3 to 0.49)—showed a trend toward pain relief, though these results did not reach statistical significance ( Table 1 ).

Cephalosporin resistance showed a trend toward higher resistance to second‐generation cefoxitin when compared to third‐ and fourth‐generation agents.

All three compounds also showed a trend to reduce the number of activated caspase‐3+ neurons; however, only following IL‐4 and pioglitazone treatment did the effect reach significance compared to vehicle (Figure 1L–M ).