Excerpts

Changes in physical activity groups The descriptive analyses showed a negative trend, independently of setting.

Our finding of high prevalence of risk behaviour among ever-testers is not uncommon [ 22 , 23 ] but nonetheless denotes an interesting trend.

Annual human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection rates among entry travelers in Yunnan According to the results of HIV-1 screening, the HIV-1 infection rate showed a decreasing trend overall (Figure 2 ), although the infection rate of 2006 seemed to be is abnormal.

However, the proportion of those aged 40–50 years showed an increasing trend, from 9.35% in 2003 to 27.21% in 2012 (Figure 3 A).

Highly significant positive correlations were found between agricultural biodiversity and NARs of calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin A, B6, C, folate, riboflavin, protein and energy, indicating the very strong relationship between dietary adequacy and biodiversity.

The LEI was 0.93 (95 % CI = [0.48, 1.38]) on average with an increasing trend among the age groups.

With regard to age group differences, the prevalence of hypertension, prostatitis and cardio-cerebrovascular diseases presented an increasing trend; while the proportion of LBFs who had reported no CPCs, a decreasing trend.

Although the BIC continued to increase when adding a sixth class (Additional file 1 : Table S1), the increase was now smaller and the LMR test was only borderline significant.

Another explanation may include a possible trend in Canada toward middle class or wealthy populations living in older, more established neighbourhoods and homes.

Other than the traditional brothels in the designated red-light districts, there is an increasing trend of heterosexual men who have paid or casual sex with female EE workers [ 22 , 23 ].

In addition, boys whose mothers and fathers both had chronic pain showed a trend toward greater social competence.

All nine items were flagged with statistically significant DIF between key demographic—and socioeconomic subgroups ( p < 0.001); however, none of the detected DIF was considered practically significant given small effect sizes (variance explained by group membership and interaction term < 1 %).

In Seychelles, the prevalence of diabetes increased by 50 % in 15 years with half of cases attributable to obesity [ 8 , 9 ], and a marked trend for diabetes to cluster among those of low SES [ 10 ].

For coping planning, no substantial effect was found neither for time nor for the interaction of treatment and time, although the interaction term was marginally significant, F (1,239) = 2.96, p (2-tailed) = .045, η 2 = .01.

Women who had SHS exposure at home showed a significant trend ( p -trend <0.001) (data not shown).

Among women, immigrants from Former Yugoslavia had significantly increased risk of stroke compared to ethnic Norwegians, and immigrants from South Asia had an excess risk that was borderline significant according to the confidence intervals.

While race itself was not found to be significant in the models, it is known to be highly correlated with those factors that are highly significant, including poverty, income and employment.

In this alternative model, all three therapies presented a decreasing trend of posterior odds ratios with increasing road travelling time (TRACT), with radiotherapy and hormonal therapy had substantially lower odds ratios for those who had more than 2 h of travelling time, and chemotherapy had substantively lower odds ratios for patients with more than 4 h of travelling time (see Additional file 1 : Table S9).

When estimated with 2SRI, the effects of smoking status on body weight were consistent and the residuals inserted into the second stage were highly significant (Table 3 ), indicating that smoking status was endogenous ( Appendix ).

No significant difference was apparent using reader I’s findings.

The positive effects of social participation on health may be significant for elders because elders have more times to take part in social activities due to retirement or fewer familial constraints [ 26 , 27 ].

Having a glance at the crude odds ratio one concludes that odds for using any contraceptive method before first pregnancy is 1.55 times higher for a respondent belonging to urban area as compared to one from rural area and it is highly significant.

Although Turkey produces and exports fruit and vegetable the consumption of fruit and vegetable shows a decreasing trend [ 36 ] and dietary patterns differ substantially between regions and income groups.

Correlates of school health improvement As indicated in Table 3 , school size had small positive correlations with most health improvement activities indicating a trend toward more health improvement activity in larger schools, though in no cases was this significant, approaching significance only for coverage of healthy food policy and promotion of active travel.

Although similar associations were apparent for diet they just failed to reach significance (Table 3 ).